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This document describes Airborne Collision Avoidance System X (ACAS X) functionality and provides the necessary interface definitions and protocols to accommodate the requirements of RTCA DO-385: Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Collision Avoidance System X (ACAS X) ACAS Xa and ACAS Xo) (latest version applies) and the requirements of RTCA DO-386: Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Airborne Collision Avoidance System X (ACAS X) ACAS Xu (latest version applies). Additionally, this document describes interfaces and protocols necessary to accommodate Cockpit Display of Traffic Information (CDTI) based on the reception of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data and Traffic Information Services–Broadcast (TIS-B) data. The equipment becomes ACAS X with ADS-B IN applications added, as defined by RTCA DO-317C: Minimum Operational Performance Standards for (MOPS) for Aircraft Surveillance Applications (ASA) Systems (latest version applies).

This standard sets forth the desired characteristics of a second-generation aviation Ku-band and Ka-band satellite communication (satcom) system intended for installation in all types of aircraft.

Mark 4 Air Traffic Control Transponder (ATCRBS/MODE S) describes an Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System/Mode Select (ATCRBS/Mode S) airborne transponder with Extended Interface Functions (EIF). The ATC surveillance system is made up of airborne transponders and ground interrogator-receivers, processing equipment, and antenna systems. Mode S is a cooperative surveillance system for air traffic control with ancillary communications capabilities. ARINC 718A supports elementary surveillance. Provisional enhanced surveillance functionality is also defined as a customer option. The Mark 4 transponder, like its predecessor, will support Collision Avoidance System which includes TCAS and ACAS X functions.

This standard provides a data base comprising standards used for the preparation of a navigation system data base. This data may be used with the operational flight software in a wide range of navigational equipment.

The equipment includes: a Communications: Ultra high frequency (UHF), very high frequency (VHF), and high frequency (HF) radios, cabin/service interphones, public address (PA), select call (SELCAL), call select (CALSEL), satellite communications (SATCOM), and controller pilot data link communications (CPDLC). b Navigation: Very high frequency omnidirectional range (VOR), tactical air navigation (TACAN), automatic direction finder (ADF), distance measuring equipment (DME), instrument landing system (ILS), markers (MKR), very low frequency (VLF), inertial navigation systems (INS), inertial reference systems (IRS), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), global positioning system (GPS), low range radio altimeter (LRRA), and attitude heading reference system (AHRS). c Weather radar. d Data link: Company, Air Traffic Control (ATC), transponders (Mode-S), controller pilot data link communications (CPDLC), and others.

What system Designers Should Know About MOSA Standards Microtube Technology A Catalyst for Next-Gen Aerospace Thermal Control Space Industry Test Challenges Advancing Metrology at Mach Speed Drone Mounted Inspection Breaks Barriers for F-35 RF Technology Helps Connect Avionics Systems Using Open-Cavity Plastic Packages in Avionics Applications Electronic Prognostics - A Case Study Using Global Positioning System (GPS) Prognostic health management (PHM) of electronic systems presents challenges traditionally viewed as either insurmountable or not worth the cost of pursuit, but recent changes in weapons platform acquisition and support requirements has spurred renewed interest in electronics PHM, revealing possible applications, accessible data sources, and previously unexplored predictive techniques.

This document recommends criteria and requirements for a flight management system (FMS) for transport aircraft. The FMS shall provide the functions of lateral navigation, vertical navigation, and performance management and may include time of arrival control. The FMS design shall take human factors considerations into account to produce a fault tolerant system.

Following a number of high-visibility collisions between aircraft on the airport surface, overall taxi operations have been brought under greater scrutiny. In addition, observation of taxi operations and the results of associated research programs have revealed that the efficiency of taxi operations could be significantly improved with available technologies and by applying a human centered design approach. Surface operations displays have been tested in prototype form and a number of manufacturers are moving toward product definition. This document provides guidance on the design of elements, which may be part of surface operations displays whose objectives would be to enhance safety and to improve overall efficiency of aircraft operations on the airport surface. Such efficiency increases should be realized not only in day-to-day operations, but should also be manifested in training for surface operations.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) sets forth design and operational recommendations concerning the human factors/crew interface considerations and criteria for vertical situation awareness displays. This is the first of two recommended practice documents that will address vertical situation awareness displays (VSAD). This document will focus on the performance/planning types of display (e.g., the map display) and will be limited to providing recommendations concerning human factored crew interfaces and will not address architecture issues. This document focuses on two types of VSAD displays: a coplanar implementation of a profile display (side projection) and a conventional horizontal map display; and a 3D map display (geometric projection). It is intended for head down display applications. However, other formats or presentation methods, such as HUDs, HMDs and 3D audio presentations may become more feasible in the future.

The function of a multifunctional display (MFD) system is to provide the crew access to a variety of data, or combinations of data, used to fly the aircraft, to navigate, to communicate, and to manage aircraft systems. MFDs may also display primary flight information (PFI) as needed to insure continuity of operations. This document sets forth design and operational recommendations concerning the human factors considerations for MFD systems. The MFD system may contain one or more electronic display devices capable of presenting data in several possible formats. MFDs are designed to depict PFI, navigation, communication, aircraft state, aircraft system management, weather, traffic, and/or other information used by the flight crew for command and control of the aircraft. The information displayed may be combined to make an integrated display or one set of data may simply replace another.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) sets forth design and operational recommendations concerning the human factors issues and criteria for cockpit display of traffic information systems. The visual and aural characteristics are covered for both the alerting components and traffic depiction/situation components. The display system may contain any one or a combination of these components Although the system functionality assumed for this document exemplifies fixed-wing aircraft implementation, the recommendations do not preclude other aircraft types. The recommendations contained in this document address both near and far term technology directed toward providing in flight traffic awareness, although the present version remains primarily focused on near term applications. Since this document provides recommendations, the guidance is provided in the form of “should” statements as opposed to the “shall” statements that appear in standards and requirements.

The recommendations of this document apply to such aircraft as are able to perform both normal angle and steep IMC approaches, the latter being defined as those approaches having a final approach segment angle greater than 4°. Such aircraft can include both conventional and STOL fixed-wing aircraft, commercial air transport and/or utility and normal category helicopters, compound helicopters and powered lift vehicles (tiltrotors, tiltfans, tiltwings, etc.).

This guide provides detailed information, guidance, and methods related to the Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circular (AC)/Joint Airworthiness Authorities Advisory Material Joint (AMJ) 20-XXX, "Certification of Aircraft Electrical/Electronic Systems for Operation in the High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Environment" (draft). The AC/AMJ provides acceptable means, but not the only means, of compliance with Parts 23, 25, 27, and 29 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR)/Joint Aviation Regulations (JAR) to prevent hazards to aircraft electrical and electronic systems due to HIRF produced by external transmitters. This guide is neither mandatory nor regulatory in nature and does not constitute a regulation or legal interpretation of the regulation. The information in this guide represents a collection of best engineering practices that have been used to certify aircraft HIRF protection.

This ARINC Standard defines the installation characteristics of first generation L-band satellite communication systems. It provides the traditional form, fit, function, and interfaces for the installation of satcom equipment for use in all types of aircraft. Description of avionics equipment (e.g., Satellite Data Unit (SDU), Antennas, etc.) are included. Supplement 15 adds references to new Diplexer/Low Noise Amplifiers (DLNAs) defined in Supplement 8 to ARINC Characteristic 781: Mark 3 Aviation Satellite Communication Systems. The five new DLNAs are intended to protect Inmarsat Classic Aero and SwiftBroadband (SBB) satcom equipment from ground-based cellular sources, such as cellular Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Ancillary Terrestrial Component (ATCt). The DLNAs are categorized by desired features and service (e.g., new DLNA versus drop-in replacement, LTE and/or ATCt protection, Classic Aero and/or SBB service).

This ARINC Standard defines the installation characteristics of second generation L-band satellite communication systems. It provides the traditional form, fit, function, and interfaces for the installation of satcom equipment for use in all types of aircraft. Description of avionics equipment (e.g., Satellite Data Unit (SDU), Antennas, etc.) are included. Supplement 6 adds references to new Diplexer/Low Noise Amplifiers (DLNAs) defined in Supplement 8 to ARINC Characteristic 781: Mark 3 Aviation Satellite Communication Systems. The five new DLNAs are intended to protect Inmarsat Classic Aero and SwiftBroadband (SBB) satcom equipment from ground-based cellular sources, such as cellular Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Ancillary Terrestrial Component (ATCt). The DLNAs are categorized by desired features and service (e.g., new DLNA versus drop-in replacement, LTE and/or ATCt protection, Classic Aero and/or SBB service).

This standard sets forth the desired characteristics of Aviation Ku-band Satellite Communication (Satcom) and Ka-band Satcom Systems intended for installation in all types of commercial air transport aircraft. The intent of this characteristic is to provide guidance on the interfaces, form, fit, and function of the systems. This document also describes the desired operational capability of the equipment needed to provide a broadband transport link that can be used for data, video, and voice communications typically used for passenger communications and/or entertainment. The systems described in this characteristic are not qualified, at this writing, for aviation safety functions.

This document sets forth the desired characteristics of an aviation satellite communication (satcom) system intended for installation in all types of commercial transport and business aircraft. The intent of this document is to provide general and specific guidance on the form factor and pin assignments for the installation of the avionics primarily for airline use. It also describes the desired operational capability of the equipment to provide data and voice communications, as well as additional standards necessary to ensure interchangeability. This Characteristic specifies equipment using Inmarsat satellites operating in L-band. Ku-band and Ka-band equipment is specified in ARINC Characteristic 791. Supplement 8 adds new Diplexer Low Noise Amplifiers (DLNA) to protect Inmarsat’s Classic Aero and SwiftBroadband (SBB) satcom equipment from possible ground-based LTE and ATCt (Ligado) interference.

This standard defines the air transport industry's standards for the transfer of digital data between avionics system elements. Part 2 provides the formats of data words with discrete bit encoding.

Why are vision systems fundamental and critical to autonomous flight? What are the vision system tasks required for autonomous flight? How can those tasks be approached? It addresses the role of vision systems for autonomous operations and discusses the critical tasks required of a vision system, including taxi, takeoff, en-route navigation, detect and avoid, and landing, as well as formation flight or approach and docking at a terminal or with other vehicles. These tasks are analyzed to develop field of view, resolution, latency, and other sensing requirements and to understand when one sensor can be used for multiple applications. Airspace classifications, landing visibility categories, decision height criteria, and typical runway dimensions are introduced. The book provides an overview of sensors and phenomenology from visible through infrared, extending into the radar bands and including both passive and active systems.

The imagining system, or Pilotage Distributed Aperture Sensor (PDAS) system, is designed to enhance situational awareness and threat detection for pilots and auxiliary personnel in visually degraded environments.