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Weight reduction in structural aerospace configuration is based both on specific material selection and on the selection of specific shape and sections. UAS structures need both the introduction of new advanced composites and the definition of light weight construction based on thin walled configuration.

The aerospace industry is facing immense challenges due to increased design complexity and higher levels of integration, particularly in the electrification of aircraft. These challenges can easily impact program cost and product time to market. System electrification and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) have become critical issues today. In the context of 3D electromagnetics, EMC electromagnetic compatibility ensures the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) that radiated emissions from various electronic devices, such as avionics or the entire aircraft for that matter, do not interfere with other electronic products onboard the aircraft.

The sound produced by Unmanned Aerial Systems (known as UAS or Drones) is often considered to be one of the main barriers (alongside privacy and safety concerns) preventing the widespread use of these vehicles in environments where they may be in close proximity to the general public. ...To better understand the potential environmental noise impact of commercial UAS operations, work undertaken by the University of Salford has focused on two key areas. Firstly, how to characterise and measure the sound produced by UAS during outdoor flight conditions and secondly, better understanding of the dose response of UAS noise when the listener is in either an indoor or outdoor environment. ...Firstly, how to characterise and measure the sound produced by UAS during outdoor flight conditions and secondly, better understanding of the dose response of UAS noise when the listener is in either an indoor or outdoor environment.

This paper also documents experimental flight tests using a SenseFly Swinglet UAS conducted in Brisbane, Australia as well as modifications for custom UAS....This paper investigates the use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) for automated wildfire detection. The proposed system uses low-cost, consumer-grade electronics and sensors combined with various airframes to create a system suitable for automatic detection of wildfires.

Ensure Aerospace Composite Quality with Force Measurement, Material Testing Ice prediction capabilities for Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) is of growing interest as UAS designs and applications become more diverse. This report summarizes the current state-of-the-art in modeling aircraft icing within a computational framework as well as a recent U.S.

How Electrification and Autonomy Can Unlock the Potential of Unmanned Ground Vehicles VITA 90: Small Form Factors for UAVs and Other Space Constrained Platforms 3D Scanning Provides Key Weapon for Aerospace and Defense Manufacturing New Approach to Viscosity Enables Complex Motions in Soft Robots Ghoul Tool: The Weapon-Mountable Counter UAS Transmitter Autonomous Surveillance Technologies Relating to Dismounted Soldiers The development of the autonomous applications for dismounted Soldier systems is paramount to defeating our adversaries, such as China and Russia, in future combat.

A pre-chamber spark plug with hot surface-assisted spark ignition (HSASI) was developed at the UAS Karlsruhe to overcome the drawbacks of charge dilution, especially under part load or cold start conditions, such as inhibited ignition and slow flame speed, and to even enable a further increase of the dilution rate.

Environmental issues have a significant influence on the development of modern combustion engines. Particularly the tightening of emission limits in Europe and the USA have to be considered in the development process. One issue that influences the emissions of engines is the oil consumption of the engine and thus the reduction of the oil consumption of combustion engines has gained importance in recent years. In order to optimize the oil consumption of the engine a measurement technique is needed that allows a very accurate detection of the engine oil consumption for steady state as well as for transient engine operation points. Since conventional measurement techniques provide only limited accuracy at long measuring times and are only applicable for steady state engine operation new methods for the online detection of the engine oil consumption have to be established. New methods for the oil consumption measurement are the tracer methods.

In coming years a special focus in the field of GDI engines will be on downsized concepts and highly-charged gasoline direct injection engines. This is due to stricter emission laws, higher customer requirements, greater environmental awareness as well as high demands on materials and resources. Especially at cold start, catalyst heating and warm up operation GDI engines have an issue with oil dilution. Fuel gets into the oil pan and is mixed with the engine oil so that the physical and chemical properties of the engine oil are changed. Adjusting engine operating points to higher mean effective pressures in downsizing concepts also an additional increase of the fuel input into the engine oil occurs. At the University of Applied Sciences Regensburg measurements were carried out at a direct injected gasoline engine with lateral injector position.

Last month, AeroVironment, Inc. began accepting orders for their new Puma 3 UAS. As an “all environment” UAS, Pumas have operated effectively in some of the harshest climates on Earth.

Drivetrain electrification is increasing in the kart racing sector since noise emissions are an important factor in urban areas. To improve range, it has become necessary to optimize the rolling resistance of kart racing tires. This paper introduces a parameter study for small bias-ply tires which are used in kart racing and investigates the effect of these parameters on rolling resistance. In recent literature, rolling resistance is mostly examined in radial passenger car tires. Most testing devices are limited to rim sizes from ten inches upwards. In this study, a test rig was developed with focus on low cost and small rim sizes. This self-developed test rig was validated through a comparison with an approved test rig according to ISO 18164 standard. A parameter study was conducted to investigate the effect of changes in the construction of the tire. These changes affect the warp count of the carcass fabric and the crown angle of the different plies.

The emission reduction potential of high boost and high injection pressures was investigated on a 4-cylinder small bore diesel engine at high rates of exhaust gas recirculation. For this reason an external boosting system was built up, which allowed to generate the desired boost pressure independent from the engine's operating point. In order to simulate conditions comparable to a real turbocharged engine, also the influence of the turbine on the exhaust back pressure was considered. The whole measurement campaign was carried out at two load points (low- and mid-load), which represent characteristic engine operating points of the Urban Driving Cycle (UDC). On the one hand could be shown, that there is an enormous potential in the reduction of particulate matter (PM) up to 75 % and of carbon monoxide (CO) up to 15 % at the mid-load point by increasing the boost pressure.

New trends in the development of combustion engines lead to changed engine operating conditions which also result in changed loads of the engine parts and functional components. The application of regenerative fuels and new exhaust after- treatment systems can for example lead to an increased input of fuel into the engine oil. Oil dilution is an issue that impacts the engine operation and life cycle and therefore gains importance during the development process of combustion engines. In order to improve oil dilution to preclude destructive amounts of fuel in the oil it is necessary to investigate and optimize the fuel in oil sorption and desorption processes. At the University of Applied Sciences Regensburg a new measurement technique has been developed that realizes the online analysis of the fuel quantity in the engine oil.

Simulating lightweight vehicles operating on discrete terrain Researchers characterize the mobility of autonomous reconnaissance vehicles on terrain considered to be deformable, and represented as a collection of bodies of spherical shape.

Fuels for the future Cleaner and more environmentally friendly sources of aviation fuel will be needed if the impact of air travel is to remain acceptable as the climate changes.

High hopes or just dreaming? A look at how Asia's aircraft manufacturers are trying to break into new markets to challenge the status quo. Camelina-based biofuel shows advantages in turboprop Researchers within the government of Canada see the need to improve the emissions performance of the Rolls-Royce T56 engine, which despite its age remains a workhorse for its military aircraft fleet.

Joining metal/composite structures The interference-fit bolted joining of hybrid metal/composite can greatly improve the fatigue life of such joints, according to Chinese researchers.

Pulse Plasma Nitriding for Aerospace Application Ruggedization of Electronics for Deployed Military Environments Migrating Advanced Signal Processing Technology to Rugged SFF Platforms Radar Recording Proves Next-Level System Performance As radar and electronic warfare systems contend with an increasingly crowded environment, recording tests, interactions, and conflicts provides insight that can help assure future triumphs. > Facing 5G New Radio (NR) Test Challenges Communicating Via Long-Distance Lasers The Purpose of Mixed-Effects Models in Test and Evaluation The simplest version of a mixed model-the random intercept model, where so-called random effects represent group-wide deviations from a grand mean-can account for day-to-day deviations in system performance while still allowing the results to be generalized beyond the few days of observed testing.

An eye for detail Manufacturers hone next-generation designs with advanced measurement and inspection tools. Emissions progress New European research and development efforts aim to achieve step changes in engine emissions performance. Seeing virtually everything Simulating larger systems helps engineers understand more interactions.

Simulating real-time safety Aircraft manufacturers are all pushing for ways to develop software more quickly without sacrificing reliability. Next-generation launchers: Only the tried and true need apply Companies find that some elements of the recipe for success have been handed down for generations. Polar satellites tries to weather storm NPOESS satellites would allow more accurate weather predictions for both military and civilian weather services.