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Lignocellulosic biomass consists of (hemi-) cellulose and lignin. Accordingly, an integrated biorefinery will seek to valorize both streams into higher value fuels and chemicals. To this end, this study evaluated the overall combustion performance of both cellulose- and lignin derivatives, namely the high cetane number (CN) di-n-butyl ether (DnBE) and low CN anisole, respectively. Said compounds were blended both separately and together with EN590 diesel. Experiments were conducted in a single cylinder compression ignition engine, which has been optimized for improved combustion characteristics with respect to low emission levels and at the same time high fuel efficiency. The selected operating conditions have been adopted from previous “Tailor-Made Fuels from Biomass (TMFB)” work.

This paper discusses an experimental approach to compare the amount of gasoline on the liner for different engine setups. This is done in a non-fired motored gasoline direct injection (GDI) test engine with transparent liner walls. The main goal is a planar observation and detection of the liner wetting using a shadowgraphy method. The area of impinged fuel on the liner is visualized. After one injection cycle the decay of the area due to evaporation can be described over the next running cycles without injection. The evaporation rate is a function of the wetted area. The amount of impinged fuel is estimated with a combination of the measured wetted area and theory of evaporation behavior. In this study three different injectors are tested under full load conditions. The injection strategies are varied. Big differences are observed between the injectors and injection strategies. Furthermore the advantages and drawbacks of the measurement method are discussed.