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This paper proposes an innovative and accurate method of estimating the internal conditions of rechargeable batteries for vehicles powered by electric motors, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The proposed method is necessary to utilize battery power fully on vehicles powered by electric motors (especially HEVs) and thereby improve fuel economy or reduce the battery size. As the first step in this study, the relationship between the current and terminal voltage of a rechargeable lithium-ion battery was described using a linear parameter varying (LPV) model. That made it possible to reduce the problem of estimating the internal battery conditions (internal resistance, time constant, and so on) to a problem of recursively estimating the model parameters with an adaptive digital filter.

The uniform lean methanol-air mixture was provided to the diesel engine and was ignited by the direct diesel fuel injection. The internal EGR is added to this ignition method in order to activate the fuel in the mixture and to increase the mixture temperature. The test engine was a 4-stroke, single- cylinder direct-injection diesel engine. The cooling system was forced-air cooling and displacement volume was about 211 (cm3). The compression ratio was about 19.9:1. The experiment was made under constant engine speed of 3000 (r/min). The boost pressure was maintained at 101.3 (kPa). Five values of mass flow rate of diesel fuel injection were selected from 0.060 (g/s) to 0.167 (g/s) and five levels of back pressure: 0), 26.7, 53.3, 80.0 and 106.6 (kPa) were selected for the experiment. The effect of internal EGR is varied by the back pressure level.

Hydraulic engine mounts(HEM) are replacing conventional rubber mounts to provide better ride quality and to reduce noise. However, detailed analysis of the HEM is needed to predict ideal performance conditions. In this study, the optimum design of a HEM is modelled using design optimization theory for a dynamic absorber. After determining ideal behavior by simulation, an experimental mounts is designed and tested to verify the model.