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Predicting the elasticity based on phase characteristics in the area of composite material design is a critical challenge. In comparison with experimental and analytical techniques, there are several advantages of using finite element modelling based microstructure of composite Representative Volume Elements (RVE). Nevertheless; there are some drawbacks to RVE’s traditional geometry-based finite element modelling (GB-FEM), such as the time it takes to build usable modelling and produce substantial finite element meshes. To address these problems, we developed and improved a voxel-based finite element modelling (VB-FEM) method. VB-FEM, unlike GB-FEM, creates a homogeneous grid mesh first and then detects components that correspond to inclusions. The remainders of the stages are identical to those in GB-FEM. In two illustrative numerical instances, GB-FEM and VB-FEM were compared in terms of performance. GB-FEM and VB-FEM were compared in terms of performance.

Generative Design is 3D CAD technique that uses AI to autonomously create optimal and productive design. Unlike regular designs, generative design applies algorithms to parameters that generate several possible design variations to review and choose from. The important and necessary factor of a formula vehicle is components that show high strength with light weight exhibiting higher performance. The un-sprung weight reduction is the most prevalent consideration while designing a formula vehicle. Our proposed study is focused to design and develop a formula vehicle knuckle through generative design method. Considering the manufacturing complications, continuous Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) with Onyx – Carbon Fibre composite is contemplated with all the test samples and response dataset taken into consideration. The primary work involves the designing of steering knuckle with the help of computation software.

Natural fibers have been increasingly used in polymer composites during the last decade, and this has a significant impact on environmental implications. Natural fibers from lignocellulose materials have recently emerged in the form of fabric woven reinforced in polymer composites due to numerous applications, including structural and non-structural variants. One of the most promising materials for substituting synthetic polymeric materials by naturally available fiber reinforcements in polymer composites is woven fabric. Bamboo/Bamboo woven fabric encompasses bamboo yarn in both the warp and weft directions was chosen for this study. Bamboo/bamboo twill woven fabric acting as a reinforcement in the composites with epoxy resin as a bonding material using the compression moulding method of manufacturing.

The present study deals with natural lignocellulose fibril extricated from habara plant. The fibrils are found to possess high level of amorphous constituents. KOH Surface modification of fibrils at 5wt% enhanced the crystallographic index of habara plant fibers. The thermal stability of the fibers is found to be promising in comparison with unexposed habara plant fiber. The reinforcement of habara plant fibers with epoxy matrix contributed to utmost tensile and flexural strength of 79 MPa and 121 MPa. Scanning electron microscope analysis exposed the intricate surface of habara plant fibers are porous and rough in nature of the fibers subjected to KOH modification. The foresaid composites as application in automobile interior will result in reduction of land filling caused by man made fibril fortified polymer composites.

Solution route precipitation technique was opted to synthesize the nanostructured copper tungstate by the incorporation of cupric ion solution to the aqueous sodium tungstate reagent. The size and surface of the synthesized nanostructured material is highly influenced by the concentration of cuprous ion as well as the tungstate solution. The structural pattern and chemical composition of CuWO4 nanoparticles were analysed by powder XRD and FESEM with EDX spectrum. The powder XRD and EDX pattern confirmed the elemental composition of the synthesized samples. FESEM images indicated that the particle was present in random size distribution. At 298 K, water vapour pressure thermostat was achieved in the range from 5% to 98% as a relative humidity (RH). By providing the DC conductance measurement as a relative humidity, the humidity sensing nature of the material was investigated and the sensitivity factor (Sf) value of the prepared CuWO4 was calculated at 298K (Sf=9640±100).

Pure aluminium alloy (AA) components are not extending their cyclic life due to soft nature of the surfaces for most of the automotive structural parts, exposed to various loading and stress exposed areas through various surface property enhancement techniques. Among all the technique friction stir processing (FSP) followed by shot peening (SP) technique is the most viable and cost-effective process for enhancement of component performance and SP removing residual stresses on the samples thereby improving surface strength. The main objective of the proposed work was cast A356 alloy reinforced with nano form of 6wt% silicon carbide (SiC) harder particles and 3wt% self-lubricant graphene (Gr) was used to fabricated a surface nano hybrid composite through FSP technique. SP route was performed on the FSP-ed samples with optimal parametric conditions for obtaining improved mechanical performances.

Hybrid Composite materials meet a major demand in current industrial market through mixture of various percentages of metal compositions at different levels. One such material, which is most widely employed, is aluminum. Aluminum hybrid metal matrix composites is substituted with conventional alloys in order to meet the rigid, high-end requirements at major industries. In this work, it is reinforced with Aluminum-Tungsten Carbide-Graphite composite and fabricated using the stir casting process. Die sinking electric discharge machining (EDM) process is preferred over conventional process for the purpose of machining complex shaped materials with accuracy. The optimization of minimizing surface roughness and maximize material removal rate is essential to increase the effective and efficient usage of hybrid composites.

Incorporating of organic fibers originated from plants in polymer composite have gained significant attention over a period of time as they provide eco-friendly lighter composites. The increasing demand by automotive sectors for wear and frictional areas where the conservation of energy is concerned is expected with addition of nano -solid lubricants. Our aim is to fabricate organic frictional composites of basalt fiber reinforced polymer composites along with three possible combination of nano - solid lubricants like (1) graphite (2) graphene (3) molybdenum disulfide through hot press technique. The outcome of the tribological tests (by varying load and sliding velocity) indicates that these three-organic fiber-based polymer composites have been effectively modified by nano-solid lubricants leading to significant enhancement. In which molybdenum disulfide- based brake pad material is an attractive material to replace the practical problems in automotive sector was the key finding.