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Injuries and fatalities among pedestrians, cyclists, scooterists, highway road workers, and safety and emergency personnel—often referred to as vulnerable road users (VRUs)—continue to rise at alarming rates worldwide. Emphasizing the urgent need for enhanced safety measures, this study, commissioned by the Vulnerable Road User Safety Consortium™ (VRUSC) and conducted by the Light and Health Research Center at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, evaluates the potential effectiveness of lighting and visual information systems in improving VRU safety. The white paper presents a synthesis of published research on lighting and markings from the perspective of both human drivers and machine vision systems. It identifies potential preliminary guidelines for the intensity, color, temporal, and spatial characteristics of lighting and visual information that can help prevent crashes involving VRUs.

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This document establishes performance requirements for headlamps.

This SAE Recommended Practice provides guidelines for the use, performance, installation, activation, and switching of marking lamps on ADS-equipped vehicles.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) covers forced air technology including: reference material, equipment, safety, operation, and methodology. This resource document is intended to provide information and minimum safety guidelines regarding use of forced air or forced air/fluid equipment to remove frozen contaminants. During the effective period of this document, relevant sections herein should be considered and included in all/any relevant SAE documents.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes methods for determining total and specular reflectance for mirrors with flat and curved surfaces and a method for determining diffuse reflectance and haze for mirrors with flat surfaces.

The design and location of rear-viewing mirrors or systems, and the presentation of the rear view to the driver can best be achieved if the designer and the engineer have adequate references available on the physiological functions of head and eye movements and on the perceptual capabilities of the human visual system. The following information and charts are provided for this purpose. For more complete information of the relationship of vision to forward vision, see SAE SP-279.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) shall establish minimum performance standards for new equipment landing and taxiing lighting systems

This SAE Standard provides test procedures, requirements, and guidelines for tail lamps intended for use on vehicles 2032 mm or more in overall width. Tail lamps conforming to the requirements of this document may also be used on vehicles less than 2032 mm in overall width.

This SAE Standard provides test methods, performance requirements, installation requirements, and guidelines for snowmobile headlamps.

This SAE Recommended Practice determines whether plastic and glass-plastic safety glazing materials will successfully withstand exposure to simulated weathering conditions.

Define minimum requirements for both Driver Assistance Projections and Road Signaling Projections

The purpose of this ARP is to provide criteria that will lead to and support existing regulatory standards of systems for UAM/AMM/eVTOL aircraft such that the emergency systems will facilitate egress under emergency conditions. Consideration is given to existing requirements of the FAA and to the recommendations of aircraft operators and those involved in the manufacture or use of the emergency lighting system. Occupant safety is the primary objective, with appropriate provisions for crew (pilot) system control taken into consideration. Consideration is also given to autonomous aircraft in which passengers are required to egress without the aid or direction of crew. The criteria established herein are intended to produce an emergency lighting system that will comply with the Federal and International Regulations. However, these recommendations are but one means of meeting the objective.

The scope of this SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is to discuss factors affecting visibility of aircraft navigation and anticollision lights, enabling those concerned with their use to have a better technical understanding of such factors, and to aid in exercising appropriate judgment in the many possible flight eventualities.

This SAE Recommended Practice provides standardized laboratory tests, test methods, and performance requirements applicable to signal and marking devices used on vehicles 2032 mm or more in overall width.

This document recommends design objectives for navigation, position, and anticollisionlight systems for visual detection and collision avoidance between airplanes in flight and on the ground. Customers for new airplanes or lighting components, and designers or manufacturers may take advantage of this document in specifying the initial requirements that, in most cases, significantly exceed the applicable minimum intensities as shown in the Federal Aviation Regulations as well provide better stability, longer life and lower operating costs.

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This document establishes performance requirements and guidelines for coating materials and plastic substrate testing.

This proposed revision of the Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP6973) will provide minor edits to the existing document, plus an alternative third method for measuring the aircraft noise level reduction of building façades that is currently being validated. Airports and their consultants will be able to use any of the three methods presented in this revised ARP to determine the eligibility of structures exposed to aircraft noise to participate in an FAA-funded Airport Noise Mitigation Project, to determine the treatments required to meet project objectives, and to verify that such objectives are satisfied.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes design and qualification guidance for interior aircraft lighting replacement of incandescent, halogen, or fluorescent light with LED lights.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) details the recommended process for correcting measured non-volatile Particulate Matter (nvPM) mass and number data for particle losses in the sampling and measurement system specified in ARP6320. This technique is only recommended for conditions where both nvPM mass and number concentration measurements are in the valid measurement ranges of the instruments which are discussed in the tool limitations section. This ARP also supplies an Excel® software tool with documentation to automate the process. The body of the ARP details the recommended calculation method, uncertainties and limitations of the system loss correction factors. It explains, in detail, the required inputs and outputs from the supplied Excel® software tool (developed on Windows 7, Excel® 2016). Also included are: . The Excel® correction tools (Attachments I and V). . Installation instructions for a Windows based computer (Attachment II).