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Ground Support Equipment Hydraulic Systems, Design and Installation, Recommended Practices for

2022-12-16
CURRENT
ARP4943A
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) covers the design and installation requirements for hydraulic systems (up to 8000 psig [56 MPa]) for ground support equipment (GSE). This ARP is derived from AS5440, which provides hydraulic system requirements for aircraft. The recommendations herein are primarily intended for GSE that exchange hydraulic fluid with the aircraft, such as hydraulic service carts, rather than GSE with non-interfacing hydraulic systems. The GSE may be mobile, portable, or stationary.
Standard

Nose Gear Towbarless Tow Vehicle Basic Test Requirements

2022-09-30
CURRENT
ARP5283B
The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852 and ARP4853. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, or are within the aircraft manufacturer’s limits so that they do not affect the certified safe limit of the nose gear. The results of these test evaluations will also determine if a stability problem may occur during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations with the tested airplane/tow vehicle combination. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only.
Standard

Aircraft Maintenance Jacks - General Requirements

2021-09-30
CURRENT
AS4775B
This document covers the general requirements for hydraulic aircraft jacks. It can be applied to tripod, unipod, and axle jacks that may be used on open ramp areas as well as in the aircraft hangar. Throughout this Aerospace Standard, the minimum essential criteria are identified by the key word “shall”. Recommended criteria are identified by use of the key word “should”. Deviation from recommended criteria should only occur after careful consideration and thorough service evaluation have shown alternate methods to provide an equivalent level of safety. The term “vertical load” throughout this Aerospace Standard is defined as the force imposed on the aircraft jack at the airframe jack point.
Standard

Aircraft Tow Bar

2021-04-08
CURRENT
ARP1915E
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) specifies dimensional and physical requirements of tow bar connections to tractor and aircraft (see Figure 1). It is applicable to all types of commercial transport category aircraft tow bar. The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to standardize tow bar attachments to airplane and tractor according to the mass category of the towed aircraft, so that one tow bar head with different shear levels can be used for all aircraft that are within the same mass category and are manufactured in compliance with AS1614 or ISO 8267.
Standard

Aircraft Ground Support Equipment - Wind Stability Determination

2020-04-29
CURRENT
ARP1328D
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is intended to recommend: a Uniform criteria for determination of wind loads that aircraft ground support equipment can encounter and yet allow personnel to work safely, b Uniform systems for maintaining stability (i.e., stabilizers, outriggers, spring lockout devices), c Standardization of specific types of interlock systems and actuation systems, d A standard formula with its associated design criteria for calculating the steady-state wind stability (i.e., tip point) for aircraft ground support equipment, e A standard method for testing these systems.
Standard

Aircraft Markings for Ground Support Equipment Alignment

2020-04-24
CURRENT
AS6896
The purpose of this document is to provide a standard for aircraft fuselage markings located at the doors used for ground servicing operations. These markings can be used by all GSE that will dock at the aircraft. These markings may be used for one or several phases of the GSE positioning relative to the aircraft process: GSE alignment during approach, GSE final docking, and GSE auto leveling. It is not the purpose of this standard to describe the different technologies, cameras, or other equipment that can be mounted on GSE to utilize these markings. The aircraft that may use these markings will have a fuselage diameter of 3 m or more.
Standard

Aircraft Ground Support Equipment - Wind Stability Determination

2017-05-04
HISTORICAL
ARP1328C
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is intended to recommend: a uniform criteria for determination of wind loads that aircraft ground support equipment can encounter and yet allow personnel to work safely, b uniform systems for maintaining stability (i.e., stabilizers, outriggers, spring lockout devices), c standardization of specific types of interlock systems and actuation systems, d a standard formula with its associated design criteria for calculating the steady-state wind stability (i.e., tip point) for aircraft ground support equipment, e a standard method for testing these systems.
Standard

Aircraft Ground Support Equipment - Wind Stability Determination

2012-10-15
HISTORICAL
ARP1328B
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is intended to recommend: a uniform criteria for determination of wind loads that aircraft ground support equipment can encounter and yet allow personnel to work safely, b uniform systems for maintaining stability (i.e., stabilizers, outriggers, spring lockout devices), c standardization of specific types of interlock systems and actuation systems, d a standard formula with its associated design criteria for calculating the steady-state wind stability (i.e., tip point) for aircraft ground support equipment, e a standard method for testing these systems.
Standard

Nose Gear Towbarless Tow Vehicle Basic Test Requirements

2012-09-24
HISTORICAL
ARP5283A
The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852 and ARP4853. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, or are within the aircraft manufacturer’s limits so that they do not affect the certified safe limit of the nose gear. The results of these test evaluations will also determine if a stability problem may occur during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations with the tested airplane/tow vehicle combination. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only.
Standard

Aircraft Tow Bar

2010-09-13
HISTORICAL
ARP1915D
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the basic general design considerations for transport aircraft tow bars. It does not cover the requirements for tow bars intended for aircraft with a maximum ramp mass (MRW) below 8600 kg (19 000 lb).
Standard

Aircraft Tow Bar

2005-04-06
HISTORICAL
ARP1915C
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the basic general design considerations for transport aircraft tow bars. It does not cover the requirements for tow bars intended for aircraft with a maximum ramp mass (MRW) below 8,600 kg (19,000 lb).
Standard

Nose Gear Towbarless Tow Vehicle Basic Test Requirements

2005-02-10
HISTORICAL
ARP5283
The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852A and ARP4853A. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, reduce the certified safe life limit of the nose gear, or induce a stability problem during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only. It is not meant for dispatch (operational) towing (see definitions in Section 3). Dispatch towing imposes greater loads on nose gears and structure due to additional passenger, cargo, and fuel loads.
Standard

Ramp Markings

2002-12-13
HISTORICAL
ARP5910
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines recommended ramp pavement marking standards for proper guidance and positioning of GSE on commercial transport aircraft parking and handling stands (gates), in line with International Civil Aviation (ICAO) recommendations applicable to airport aprons. Throughout this document, the minimum essential criteria are identified by use of the key word "shall". Recommended criteria are identified by use of the key word "should" and, while not mandatory, are considered to be of primary importance in providing safety effective ramp markings. Deviation from recommended criteria should only occur after careful consideration and thorough service evaluation have shown alternate methods to provide an equivalent level of safety.
Standard

Baggage/Cargo Trailer Requirements

2002-07-16
HISTORICAL
ARP1348A
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) applies to airline trailer equipment with four wheel running gear pulled and steered through an integral tow bar, for use on airport ramps and other airport areas for transporting baggage, freight, and other materials. This ARP can apply to any airline/airport trailer chassis regardless of its equipment; the trailer bed can be designed to carry either bulk baggage/cargo, or a cargo unit load device by means of a rollerized conveyor system, or a piece of aircraft servicing equipment (e.g., ground power unit, air start unit, etc.).
Standard

Aircraft Towbar

1997-12-01
HISTORICAL
ARP1915B
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the basic general design considerations for aircraft towbars.
Standard

Aircraft Towbar

1991-05-01
HISTORICAL
ARP1915A
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the basic general design considerations for aircraft towbars.
Standard

Aircraft Towbar

1985-03-01
HISTORICAL
ARP1915
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the basic general design considerations for aircraft towbars.
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