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The combustion noise of a diesel engine can be deteriorated by combustion characteristics such as the maximum rate of heat release and the start of combustion. These combustion characteristics in turn are influenced by the factors such as the engine NVH durability, driving conditions, environmental factors and fuel properties. Therefore, we need to develop the robust combustion noise that is insensitive to these factors. To achieve this aim, methods for predicting combustion characteristics has been developed by analyzing the vibration signal measured from the engine cylinder block. The closed-loop control of injection parameters through combustion characteristics prediction has been performed to produce the desired engine combustion performance. We constructed an ECU logic for the closed-loop control and verified the design in a diesel passenger car. We also evaluated the effect of combustion noise and fuel consumption by applying the closed-loop control.

The source of the combustion noise of diesel engines was investigated in this paper. In the development of exhaust emission and combustion noise, we must optimize the injection parameters at the cell where engine noise can not be measured. To solve this problem, it is necessary to identify a method for developing combustion noise through in-cylinder pressure measurements. It is known that the combustion noise of a diesel engine is generated mainly in the phase of premixed combustion and depends on the rate at which the pressure increases. The combustion noise was analyzed by measuring the in-cylinder pressure and engine noise. Our results show that the combustion noise has a low correlation with the maximum rate of pressure increase. For this reason, a new index called the combustion noise index was developed based on the cylinder pressure level. This paper describes an advanced method for developing combustion noise and illustrates some examples of the results obtained.

A comprehensive investigation was carried out in order to develop the idle sound quality for diesel V6 engine when the engine development process is applied to power-train system, which included new 8-speed automatic transmission for breaking down the noise contribution between the mechanical excitation and the combustion excitation. First of all, the improvement of dynamic characteristic can be achieved during the early stages of the engine development process using experimental modal analysis (EMA) & the robust design of each engine functional system. In addition, the engine structural attenuation (SA) is enhanced such that the radiated combustion noise of the engine can be maintained at a target level even with an increased combustion excitation. It was found that the engine system has better parts and worse parts in frequency range throughout the SA analysis. It is important that weak points in the system should be optimized.

In accordance with the characteristics of the engine structure and of combustion excitation, diesel engines have distinctive noise characteristics in comparison to gasoline engines. In particular, the combustion excitation of the diesel engine produces significant excitation of high frequency noise. This paper describes the influence of the piston pin clearance, bed-plate design, and transmission bell housing structure, using a variety of experimental methods. Design solutions to improve the high frequency noise of diesel engines are also provided, beginning with identification of the root cause for noise generation, through the design modification of the engine structure, to the control of combustion excitation forces.

Hyundai has developed a brand new 3.0L V6 diesel engine for luxury vehicle with electronic VGT, piezo injector and bedplate block structure. In addition to challenging targets for fuel consumption and emission levels, engine specifications were focused on performance and NVH. This paper presents the detailed process of reinforcing engine components such as block, cylinder head and oil pan in view of low sound pressure and high quality. Generally, the fast reaction speed of piezo injector can improve the emission, but it usually causes injector noise. We reduced this noise through developing new ECU logic and isolating this part with noise reduction foam. In addition to that, we could reduce the combustion noise using DoE method for the optimization of injection parameters considering the emission and fuel economy. As a result of these attempts, 3∼4dBA of overall sound pressure level from engine itself could be reduced without any loss of fuel economy and power characteristics.

Driveline clunk is perceived as disturbing metallic noise due to severe impact at driveline components such as gear pairs when the engine torque is suddenly applied and transmitted to the driveline system. In this work, experimental method detecting the most contributive gear pair to the clunk generation was investigated and applied to mini van vehicle of front-engine and rear-wheel-drive. Another experimental method, TPA (Transfer Path Analysis), was employed to identify transfer path of the clunk. And then, driveline clunk model was developed using commercial multi-body-dynamics program, ADAMS, in order to further investigate the critical clunk mechanism and potential clunk reduction solutions by performing parameter study.

This paper reflects an efficient and comprehensive approach for vehicle sound optimization integrated into the entire development process. It shows the benefits of early consideration of typical vehicle NVH features and of intensive interaction of P/T and vehicle responsibilities. The process presented here considers the typical restriction that acoustically representative prototypes of engines and vehicles are not available simultaneously at the early development phase. For process optimization at this stage, a method for vehicle interior noise estimation is developed, which bases on measurements from the P/T test bench only, while the vehicle transfer behavior for airborne and structure-borne noise is assumed to be similar to a favorable existing vehicle. This method enables to start with the pre- optimization of the pure P/T and its components by focusing on such approaches which are mainly relevant for the vehicle interior noise.