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Technical Paper

Fuel Effect on Particle Emissions of a Direct Injection Engine

2013-04-08
2013-01-1559
PN emissions were measured using a 2012 1.6L gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine vehicle. The measurements were performed over NEDC using domestic fuel from South Korea and Euro 5 certification fuel, also FTP-75 cycle using domestic fuel and Indolene (official emission test fuel in the US). Domestic fuel is the most volatile and has the least aromatics, Euro 5 certification fuel is the least volatile and has the most aromatics. Lower volatile gasoline generates more particle emissions due to diffusion combustion of fuel attached on the piston and fuel residues which are burned in its liquid form. Gasoline with more aromatic contents generates more particle emissions, too. Because aromatics have higher boiling point, lower vapor pressure and ring structures. Fuel specification difference resulted in PN emission difference. In NEDC tests, result using Euro 5 certification fuel was 77.0% higher than the result using domestic fuel.
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