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Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) is a type of 3D printing technology which build up layer by layer material using welding to create a finished product. To this extent, we have developed the machine learning approach using the KNN regression model to predict the bead’s height and width of the E71T1 mild steel sample by wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). We have conducted a systematic experimental study by varying the process parameters such as Voltage (V), Current (A) and wire feed rate (f), and the corresponding output value: height, and width of the bead are recorded. A total of 195 experiments were conducted, and the corresponding output values were noted. From the experimental data, 80% data was used to train the model, and 20% was used for testing the model. Further, the model’s accuracy was predicted using an independent set of test samples.

Surface integrity is an important factor in the effective functioning of a component. For this reason, the surface finish is given as meticulous attention as possible, while quality checks are rigorous. The process parameters affecting surface roughness are carefully controlled, with many preventive measures enforced to avoid deviation from the tolerance limits. Surface finish is an important part of the load-bearing properties of a surface as the asperities on its surface first come into contact with the mating surfaces. On contact, the asperities are flattened, and there is debris formation. These asperities are critical in joint replacements where Titanium is a material of choice, as the debris can react with bones and even cause necrosis of bone. The surface finish of Titanium is important as the asperities can function as points of stress when subjected to loads. Stress concentrators are detrimental to a material’s life; therefore, a part’s surface finish becomes critical.

High-strength steel has several industrial applications such as automobile, tool and die, construction industries etc. However, it is challenging to achieve it. Various strengthening mechanisms, such as dispersion strengthening, alloying, grain boundary strengthening etc., plays a vital role in deciding the properties of the steel. At the industrial level, high-strength steel is produced by adding alloying elements such as Tungsten, Chromium, and Molybdenum in the steel matrix, increasing the high-strength steel cost. On the other hand, Wire Arc Additive manufacturing (WAAM) can produce dispersion strengthening in steel to mimic the properties of a high-strength steel matrix. The WAAM is a relatively low-cost additive manufacturing technology which uses a welding process to build up layers of material to fabricate the finished product. We have dispersed hard silicon carbide (SiC) particles in the mild steel matrix using the WAAM process in this work.

An emergency vehicle is one of the critical vehicles designed by the Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) to support the emergency assistance and maintenance for different emergency situations such as fire, health, etc. These vehicles are provided a special provision by the legal authorities to bypass the road traffic scenarios and guidelines. The special provisions mainly include a co-operation of the non-emergency vehicles on the road for providing a smooth provision for the emergency vehicles to move, bypassing of traffic signals, etc. Sometimes, the intruders utilize these provisions to hide their original identities by utilizing the emergency vehicles for their transportation. The vehicles utilized by intruders for this purpose are the illegitimate ones, which are carried by attackers for illegal purposes, but they possess the same external appearances and special alerting system as the legitimate emergency vehicles.

The advancements of the automotive system in all the aspects from safety to user experience brings never ending list of electronics components into the system. One of the pure critical components in providing the vehicle safety is the digital key or wireless vehicle entry systems. This component is responsible for protecting all the other components of the vehicle and the vehicle itself from thieves and illegal usage of the vehicle. The compromisations of this critical component is equivalent to a compromisations of the entire vehicle along with some legal implications on the vehicle owner. There are numerous additional systems in automotive electronics which enhances the security of the critical, digital key/wireless vehicle entry system in protecting the vehicles from attackers. However, there is no component available in the market which does user/owner authentication considering its impact and criticality on both the vehicle and its owner.

The usage of AZ91E series magnesium alloy material increases in the field of automobile, aerospace and structural applications because of its enhanced mechanical properties, light weight and good machinability characteristics. The present investigation is to optimize the drilling process parameters of magnesium alloy (AZ91E) hybrid nano composite consisting of chopped basalt fiber (9wt%) and SiCp (7.5wt%) fabricated by vacuum stirring technique. AZ91E hybrid nano composite is drilled by M-Tab vertical machining centre equipped with CNC under dry state (without coolant). The dry state drilling operation was performed by HSS tool with varied input parameters like drill diameter (6mm, 8mm, 10mm and 12mm), spindle speed (200rpm, 300rpm 400rpm 500rpm), feed rate (5mm/min, 10mm/min, 15 mm/min, 20 mm/min) with constant depth of cut (15mm).

This investigation shows the improvement of Machining parameters on AM-60 Mg alloy made with the help of Gravity Die Casting and with reactions upheld symmetrical cluster with “Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution” (TOPSIS). Which Focuses on the streamlining of Machining parameters utilizing the system to get least surface Roughness (Ra), Minimum Tool Wear, minimum Cutting Time, Power Requirement and Torque and Maximize MRR. A good amount of Machining tests was directed in view of the L9 Orthogonal array on CNC machine. The trials were performed on AM60 utilizing cutting device of grade-ISO 460.1-1140-034A0-XM GC3 of 12,16 and 25 mm width with cutting point of 140 degrees, all throughout the test work under various cutting conditions. TOPSIS and ANOVA were utilized to work out the major vital parameters like Cutting speed, feed rate, Depth of Cut and Tool Diameter which influence the Response. The normal qualities and estimated esteems are genuinely close.

Tensile and axial fatigue tests were conducted on shallow cryogenically treated EN19 medium carbon alloy steel to investigate its mechanical behavior. The test samples were conventionally heat treated then oil quenched at room temperature. Followed by the samples were kept for shallow cryogenic treatment to -80°C for 8 hours using liquid nitrogen. Then the samples were tempered in a muffle furnace to relieve the induced residual stresses. Tensile and axial fatigue test were carried out on both treated and non-treated samples to measure its tensile strength and fatigue behavior respectively. Microscopic examination also had done to compare the effect of shallow cryogenic treatment on its microstructure. The results exposed that there is an increase in the tensile strength and reduction in fatigue life of shallow cryogenically treated samples over base metal and improved wear resistance.

During the delivering of an item, any material created moreover to a definitive item will be named as waste. The waste produced in light of machining could be a notable conservation worry for creators. The shape and condition of waste streams created, and their transportation components divergence with the strategy utilized and also shift among the technique. The effect in view of each waste stream differs as well. This examination reports a machining strategy includes the procedure of material to give a completed or a semi-completed item. This is frequently done by misapplication tools, totaling, machines and distinctive data sources that are appropriate to the strategy. The procedures thought of for the point of this work includes machining of material manipulation devices to give parts and items. The yield of the technique incorporates the item and increase the waste streams. The waste streams will be in the form of Chips, Energy usage, and Worn cutting tools and Operating time.

To survive in the present global competitive world, the manufacturing sectors have been making use of various tools to achieve the high quality products at a comparatively cheaper price. Appropriate cutting set up must be used to further better the machinability of a work piece material. A longer life of the tools and equipment’s are important factors in any industry. Since the inception of the machine tool industry, cutting tool life and tool wear remain a subject of deep interest to study its failure and improvement. The present study finds out the optimum cutting results in drilling of AM60 magnesium alloy using different cryogenically treated cutting inserts. The Utility concept coupled with Taguchi with Multi response approach (TOPSIS) was employed. According to Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results, the feed was the major dominating factor followed by the cutting speed.

The maximum power produced by the Engine is utilized in overcoming the Aerodynamic resistance while the remaining has been used to overcome rolling and climbing resistance. Increasing emission and performance demands paves way for advanced technologies to improve fuel efficiency. One such way of increasing the fuel efficiency is to reduce the aerodynamic drag of the vehicle. Buses emerged as the common choice of transport for people in India. By improving the aerodynamic drag of the Buses, the diesel consumption of a vehicle can be reduced by nearly about 10% without any upgradation of the existing engine. Though 60 to 70 % of pressure loads act on the frontal surface area of the buses, the most common techniques of reducing the drag in buses includes streamlining of the surfaces, minimizing underbody losses, reduced frontal area, pressure difference between the front & rear area and minimizing of flow separation & wake regions.

Torsional Stiffness is required in an automotive whenever there is a biased lateral load on the vehicle as it happens during a turn. A torsionally stiff chassis would provide better stability and uniform load transfer in an automobile. The current trends in research aim at increasing the torsional stiffness and optimizing mass for the same and thus increasing the stiffness to mass ratio. This is validated with the help of various FEA softwares . The different cases involved in real world scenario are simulated and then the stiffness is optimized accordingly. This FEA analysis is further validated using experimental analysis. An experimental jig is fabricated and setup for every condition. Static conditions are used for both FEA and experimental analysis. A list of error reducing measures has been put in place and unavoidable errors have been taken into account.

AISI 1050 is used in the production of landing gear, actuators and other aerospace components but their application is limited due to machinability of the material. In any metal cutting operation the features of tools, input work materials, machine parameter settings will influence the process efficiency and output quality characteristics. A significant improvement in process efficiency may be obtained by process parameter optimization that identifies and determines the regions of critical process control factors leading to desired outputs or responses with acceptable variations ensuring a lower cost of manufacturing. This experimental study elucidates the problems and machinability issues like failure of tools and accuracy are found while machining and less output in machining. In the present study of spherodizing heat treatment of AISI 1050 was investigated during the turning operation in CNC lathe, under the consideration of several turning process parameters.

Navigation of visually challenged persons is found tough, as they frequently do not get the essential details for escaping the perils and risk they come across when they want to reach a destination. Modernization of the world leads to the usage of technologically equipped devices to make compact and cost-effective setup. In order to help the visually impaired person to navigate securely swiftly an impediment identification system employing techno equipment such as Ultrasonic Sensors (US) and Universal Serial camera-based visual navigation system is proposed. The proposed framework identifies obstruction via the US and transmits audio signals as feedback to guide the individual about the location to be reached. Moreover, for capturing the location where the person has to move a universal serial bus (USB) webcam is employed. USB webcam is also deployed to distinguish between a human and an obstacle.

Single point Incremental forming (SPIF) is a metal forming process that has achieved impeccable quality since the early 1990s. ISF is a very limited twisting process in which an improved device that must be used after a particular direction travels on a metal sheet to form the desired shape. Process parameters such as axial feed (mm), feed (mm / min), tool diameter (mm) and depth (mm) at the interface between samples during SPIF greatly affect the quality of the cone. Maximum thinning (mm), cone height (mm), wall angle (mm), formation time (minutes), etc. The purpose of this study was to study these parameters by improving the cone mass formed by VMC. For a detailed study of these parameters, experiments were performed using the orthogonal array L9. Output parameters such as mechanical quality effects were analysed using COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment of alternatives) and ANOVA.

In the present work, it is aimed at developing an integrated approach for combustor modeling involving rapid prototyping and water tunnel testing to assess the cold flow numerical simulations; the physical model will be subjected to cold flow visualization and parametric studies and CFD analysis to demonstrate its capability for undergoing rigorous cold flow testing. A straight through annular combustors is chosen for the present study because of it has low pressure drop, less weight and used widely in modern day aviation engines. Numerical Analysis has been performed using ANSYS-FLUENT. Three dimensional RANS equations are solved using k-ɛ model for the Reynolds numbers ranging from 0.64 x 105-1.5 x 105 based on the annulus diameter. Post processing the results is done in terms of jet penetration, formation of recirculation zone, effective mixing, flow split and pressure drop for different cases.