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The object of this study is a new chain tensioner with two labyrinth seals. For the simulation of chain tensioners within the framework of multi-body dynamics, a physically orientated model to describe the fluid dynamics of the labyrinth seals is derived. The easiest way to describe labyrinth seals is to use maps obtained from measurements. As this is very time-consuming, methods of 1D and 2D fluid-mechanics are used in this work to model the labyrinth seals. The seals are characterized by physically motivated parameters e.g. coefficients of resistance or friction. As these parameters can be derived from geometric data, a very good forecast feasibility without experimental investigations is provided. For high accuracy simulations model parameters can be refined by experimental data. As many and highly complex parameters have to be identified, this refinement is very time-consuming and requires lots of experiments.

In this paper, a spring model based on a curved beam is used for the simulation of cylindrical, conical and beehive valve springs. The internal dynamic are described by hyperbolic partial differential equations which are discretized by the finite element method. The contacts between adjacent windings are included using the Augmented Lagrangian method and non-smooth contact mechanics. For smooth contact modeling, spring and damper elements are used to minimize penetration of the bodies coming into contact. Rigid or non-smooth contact forces are subject to set-valued force laws describing the condition of non-penetration. Both contact models are compared. The derived spring models for all three types of winding shapes are validated in the frequency and time domain with experimental data. In the second part, a multi-body simulation model of an entire valve train including the derived spring model is presented.