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The characteristic of In-Cylinder gas motion of a multivalve engine is compared with a single intake valve engine, which have been predicted by a three-dimensional numerical simulation and flow visualization. The measured intake valve outlet velocity from helical and straight port was adopted as the boundary conditions. The computer graphics technique has been utilized to express the predicted numerical results as moving picture like visualized flow. This flow pattern was compared with the actual flow pattern visualized with metaldehyde as the tracer using the bottom viewed engine, which showed good agreement. The prediction for the multivalve engine showed that the swirl velocity is rapidly reduced by interaction between the flows from the two port, but the turbulence kinetic energy is similar to that in the engines with a single intake valve with helical port.

Periodic regeneration of the diesel particulate trap is essential to maintain the collection efficiency and exhaust gas hack pressure at acceptable levels. The objectives of this study are to describe the phenomenology of ceramic foam filter regeneration process and to present its mathematical model. Further simulation study is carried out to estimate the effects of various factors including fuel additive on the ignition and the filter bed temperature and to investigate conditions of excessive temperature which could result in filter destruction. The model is based on the assumption that the regeneration process is composed of two steps. The first step is the additional heat supply from the external energy source, and the second step is the spontaneous combustion propagation. The results from the analytical model agreed very well with the experimental results.