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Tire flat-spotting occurs when tires remain in a loaded condition without rolling for an extended period of time, and can be temporary or permanent depending on the length of storage, vehicle loading and environmental factors. Tire non-uniformity caused from flat-spots often induce shake and shimmy vibration in vehicles due to increased tire-wheel force variation input into the chassis. This results in increased warranty costs for OEMs and tire suppliers and customer dis-satisfaction in third-party quality surveys such as J. D. Power IQS. Flat-spotting is of particular concern for slow-moving vehicle inventory parked for long periods at plants and/or dealership lots. OEMs often stipulate or recommend inventory storage practices for dealers that require physical movement of vehicles at some set duration to reduce the risk of tires developing permanent flat-spots.

Recent trends in vehicle light-weighting and tire design requirements have created an increased awareness to tire flat-spotting. Tire flat-spotting occurs when tires remain in a loaded condition without rolling for an extended period of time. Tire flat-spotting can either be temporary or permanent depending on the length of storage and other environmental factors. Tire non-uniformity caused due to flat-spots often induces shake and shimmy (back and forth oscillation of steering wheel) vibration in vehicles due to increased tire-wheel force variation input into the chassis. This can result in increased warranty costs for OEMs (Original Equipment Manufacturers) as well as customer dissatisfaction exhibited in third party quality surveys like the annual J. D. Power IQS (Initial Quality Survey).

Today vehicle owners perceive squeaks and itches inside a vehicle cabin as a major negative indicator of vehicle build quality and durability. Manufacturers struggle to bear the high costs of squeak and rattle (S&R) related warranty. Although the benefits of structural integrity and tight manufacturing tolerances with respect to the prevention of S&R are known, today's cost, weight, crash requirements, aesthetic demands and environmental/fire hazard rules quite often dictate the design of S&R prone sub-systems. Even sub-systems with the best possible structural design and manufacturing tolerances are not immune to extreme environmental conditions, and mating materials can initiate contact leading to S&R. One method of minimizing the possibility of squeaks is by the judicious selection of mating material pairs. This paper describes a test process aimed at the quantification of material pair compatibility.

The more noise and vibration improvements are incorporated into our vehicles, the more customers notice squeaks and rattles (S&R). Customers increasingly perceive S&R as a direct indicator of vehicle build quality and durability. The high profile nature of S&R has the automotive industry striving to develop the understanding and technology of how to improve the S&R performance in the vehicle. Squeaks and itches make up a significant amount of Squeak and Rattle complaints found in today's vehicles. Squeaks and itches are the result of stick slip behavior between two interacting surfaces. Squeak itch behavior is dependent upon a large number of parameters including but not limited to: the material itself, temperature, humidity, normal load, system compliance, part geometry, velocity, surface roughness, wear, contaminants, etc. This paper will describe the analysis of sound data and friction data and the relationship between them.

Advancements in the area of noise and vibration control have succeeded in quieting the vehicle to the point that previously obscure squeak and rattles must now be addressed. One possible way to decrease the squeak levels is by judicious selection of the material friction pairs. The squeak levels produced by a given material friction pair are a function of a number of test conditions like interference, temperature, humidity and excitation frequency. This paper experimentally studies the dependence of squeak levels on these factors. Understanding the relationship between squeak and test conditions will guide the selection of materials and help us to carefully select the test conditions for squeak evaluations. It will also result in cost reductions to otherwise numerous and expensive squeak parameter testing.

Modern trends in noise control engineering have subjected the automobile to the “drained swamp” syndrome. Squeaks and rattles (S&R) have surfaced as major concerns. Customers increasingly perceive S&R as direct indicators of vehicle build quality and durability. The high profile nature of S&R has led manufacturers to formulate numerous specifications for assemblies and components. Even so, a large majority of buzz, squeak and rattle (BSR) issues are identified very late in the production cycle, some often after the vehicle is launched. Traditionally, the “find-and-fix” approach is widely adopted, leading to extensive BSR warranty bills. The “design-right-the-first-time” approach must replace the “find-and-fix” approach. Due to the vast breadth and depth of S&R issues, a comprehensive summary of the present state of the art is essential. This paper includes a literature survey of the current state of the art of S&R, and discusses the methods available to further advance it.

Recent advances in the field of vehicle noise control have subjected the automobile to the “drained swamp syndrome”. Quieter engines, powertrains and bodies, combined with passive sound treatments for the interior have unearthed the stumps; radio antenna wind noise is one of them. This has prompted various innovative designs and redesigns for radio antennas that have been employed by major manufacturers in recent vehicles. This paper aims to determine the optimal antenna design through experimental testing both on the road and in the laboratory.