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A new 20W-40 multigrade oil that meets SE/CD specifications promises to perform satisfactorily in both gasoline and heavy-duty diesel engines. It permits easy cold starts, and it has passed the Caterpillar Tractor Co. OL-1 and the Mack T-1 tests and all of the SE/CD test requirements. Comprising a low-viscosity base stock blended with a V.I. improver and an improved detergent-inhibitor additive package that minimizes ring sticking, this oil is probably the forerunner of a series of SE/CD oils with even wider crossgradings.

Test methods to evaluate the effects of engine oil formulations on fuel economy were evaluated using a variety of experimental and commercial oils. The oils were tested in a motor driven engine which showed reduced power requirements for low viscosity oils at low temperatures and friction reducing additives at high temperatures. A single cylinder engine generator was able to show trends for improved fuel economy with friction reducing additives. Automotive engine dynamometer tests were run at several operating conditions and showed fuel economy improvements for low viscosity oils and for oils containing friction reducing additives. Data from vehicles tested on an All Weather Chassis Dynamometer provided an excellent simulation of field service. The laboratory test procedures correlated well with results obtained in the chassis dynamometer.

A field test was conducted to evaluate the valve train wear performance of new technology crankcase lubricants in 1980 vehicles powered by 2.3L overhead camshaft engines. Three SF/CD 15W-40 oils and two low phosphorus SF/CC 10W-30 passenger car oils were evaluated in commuter service with extended oil drain intervals for 48,000 to 80,000 km. interim wear measurements of the camshaft lobes and camshaft followers were performed throughout the test. All five of the new technology lubricants tested demonstrated good control of valve train wear in this service. These oils also passed the V-D test, thus, the test supports the use of SF wear limits in the V-D test for defining passenger oil quality levels. Wear profiles indicate that camshaft wear rates were significantly higher during break-in and were not particularly sensitive to oil chemistry during break-in.