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The past decade has shown a dramatic increase in the use of unmanned tethered vehicles in worldwide marine fields. These are used for inspection, debris removal and object retrieval. The RCV-150* system is an example of these advanced technology vehicles. With the requirements of high maneuverability and unusual inspection a responsive, high performance, compact hydraulic system was developed. The hydraulic system is powered by an electric motor-driven pump which provides hydraulic power to the four thruster motors and to the five-function manipulator work arm.

With support equipment now being needed in space operation, a radical change is being made to the support industry. This paper describes these changes in respect to hydraulic support equipment for space applications. To meet new requirements for present ground missile servicing equipment, new units of higher performance are required. However, support equipment for lunar and other planet operations require hydraulic type support equipment using cryogenic fluids. Other types of nonstandard hydraulic controls for space support would be the use of pulse rockets for both vehicle and personnel movements.

Aircraft hydraulic systems have progressed from simple to complex, reliable systems, and in the future, with the Mach 3 aircraft, will be called upon to perform even more tasks. A review of past accomplishments, with a presentation of areas where progress is needed is examined in this paper.

The 747 airplane, the largest commercial airliner, is the first U. S. airplane for airline service to use fully powered flight controls without manual reversion. The four hydraulic systems permit the highest degree of reliability per system operation with all major controls powered by dual-tandem actuators or having redundancy in location of operation. This airplane has 500 hydraulic hp as compared to the 87 hydraulic hp used on the 707 airplane. Each system is powered by an engine-driven pump and an air-driven pump. The latter is operated during peak demands only. In 17,000 hr of ground and flight tests, the 747 hydraulic systems have achieved and exceeded required performance and reliability.