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In this paper, the finite element model for static analysis of an electric tractor's frame is presented firstly, and the rigidity and strength of one electric tractor's frame is calculated. Based upon the analysis results, the topology and shape of this electric tractor's frame is optimized. As to the topology optimization, the optimization goal under multiple load cases is defined and the frame is optimized by two steps-one is to determine the position of the transverse rails using solid elements which can simulate the material-filling space, another is to obtain the shape of the frame in which shell elements are applied as to increase the calculation efficiency. After the topology optimization the frame's stiffness is improved significantly but there still is local stress concentration. So the shape of the stress concentration area is optimized using control points method, and the greatest stress is reduced below the strength limits.

This research examined the focused design, elastic design, energy decoupling, and torque roll axis (TRA) decoupling methods for mount optimization design. Requiring some assumptions, these methods are invalid for some load conditions and constraints. The linearity assumption is advantageous and simplifies both design and optimization analysis, facilitating engineering applications. However, the linearity is rarely seen in real-world applications, and there is no practical method to directly measure the reaction forces in the three locally orthogonal directions, preventing validation of existing methods by experimental results. For nonlinear system identification, there are additional challenges such as unobservable internal variables and the uncertainty of measured data.