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Parts, such as bolts, turbine wheels, discs, buckets, and blades, for high strength and oxidation resistance up to 1500 F when suitably heat treated.

This specification covers a corrosion and heat resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate procured in SI (metric) units.

This specification covers a corrosion and heat resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate procured in SI (metric) units.

This specification covers a corrosion and heat resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate procured in SI (metric) units. AMS 5598 is the equivalent, specified in inch/pound units, of this MAM.

The field of motor vehicle rollover research and testing has been one of multiple and varied approaches, dating back to at least the 1930's. The approach has been as simple as tipping a vehicle over at the top of a steep hill ( Wilson et al., 1972 ), to as complex as releasing a vehicle from an elevated roll spit mounted to the rear of a moving tractor and trailer ( Cooper et al., 2001 and Carter et al., 2002 ). Presenter Peter Luepke, P Luepke Consulting

This presentation proposes an approach to use ABS wheel speed sensor signals together with other vehicle state information from a brake control module to detect an unbalanced tire or tires in real-time. The proposed approach consists of two-stage algorithms that mix a qualitative method using band-pass filtering with a quantitative parameter identification using conditional least squares. This two-stage approach can improve the robustness of tire imbalance or imbalances. The proposed approach is verified through vehicle testing and the test results show the effectiveness of the approach. Presenter Jianbo Lu, Ford Motor Co.

Hybrid Electric Drive (HED) provides the potential to improve military vehicle capabilities beyond the well understood fuel economy benefits. Additional HED benefits for military operations can be realized in the areas of mobility, survivability, lethality, power generation and maintainability. General Dynamics Land Systems (GDLS) continues to demonstrate significant advantages that HED can offer to military vehicle platforms. This presentation will focus on the advanced military capabilities provided by HED utilizing in-hub wheel motors and include a summary of GDLS demonstrator vehicles with integrated HED. Presenter Andrew Silveri, GENERAL DYNAMICS LAND SYST

Topics of this technical paper collection include (but are not limited to) nonlinear behavior of tires and wheels, static/dynamic stress analysis, nonlinear material modeling, contact stress, impact, noise, vibration, traction, hydroplaning, effect of tires on vehicle performance, rolling resistance, and durability.

APPLICATION: Premium quality bolts and screws for use up to 600 F (315 C) where a high strength lightweight fastener is required.

This specification covers cotter pins made to metric dimensions from a corrosion and heat resistant steel.

This specification covers a corrosion and heat resistant nickel alloy in the form of sheet, strip, and plate procured in SI (metric) units. AMS 5598 is the inch/pound version of this MAM.

This specification covers cotter pins made to metric dimensions from a corrosion and heat resistant steel.

Abstract The flow around and downstream of the front wheels of passenger cars is highly complex and characterized by flow structure interactions between the external flow, fluid exiting through the wheelhouse, flow from the engine bay and the underbody. In the present paper the near wall flow downstream of the front wheel house is analyzed, combining two traditional methods. A tuft visualization method is used to obtain the limiting streamline pattern and information about the near wall flow direction. Additionally, time resolved surface pressure measurements are used to study the pressure distribution and the standard deviation. The propagation of the occurring flow structures is investigated by cross correlations of the pressure signal and a spectral analysis provides the characteristic frequencies of the investigated flow.

Abstract Estimating the power demand of a steering system is one of the main tasks during steering system development in the concept phase of a vehicle development process. Most critical for typical axle kinematics are parking maneuvers with simultaneously high rack forces and velocities. Therefore, the focus of the article is a tire model for standstill, which can be parametrized without measurements, only having tire dimensions and conditions (inflation pressure and wheel load) as input. Combined with a double-track model, a vehicle model is developed, which is able to predict the rack force and is fully applicable during the concept phase. The article demonstrates quantitatively that the tie rod forces, and thereby especially the tire bore torque, cause the largest fraction of the power demand at the rack. For this reason, the prediction of the bore torque is investigated in detail, whereby basic approaches from the literature are analyzed and enhanced.

Abstract In motorcycles, when they are traveling at medium to high speed, the roll stability is usually maintained by the restoration force generated by self-steering effect. However, when the vehicle is stationary or traveling in low speed, sufficient restoring force does not occur because some of the forces, such as centrifugal force, become small. In our study, we aimed at prototyping a motorcycle having a roll stability realized by a steering control when the vehicle is stationary or traveling in low speed. When we considered a mathematical control model to be applied, general models of four-degree-of-freedom had a critical inconvenience that the formulae include nonlinear second derivatives making them excessively complicated for deriving a practically applicable control method. Accordingly, we originally constructed a new control model which has equivalent two point masses (upper and lower from the vehicle’s center of gravity).

Abstract A new concept of instantaneous wheel turn center (IWTC) is proposed to evaluate and improve multi-axle vehicle steering coordination performance. The concept of IWTC and its calculation method are studied. The index named dispersion of IWTC is developed to evaluate the vehicle steering coordination performance quantitatively. The simulation tests based on a three-axle off-road vehicle model are conducted under different vehicle velocities and lateral accelerations. The simulation results show that the turn centers of different wheels are disperse, and the dispersion becomes larger with the increase of vehicle velocities and lateral acceleration. Since suspension has important influences on vehicle steering performance, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the suspension hard points and bushing stiffness, aiming at minimizing the dispersion of wheel turn centers (DWTC) to improve the vehicle steering coordination performance.