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Fused deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the 3D techniques which are mainly used to fabricate the three-dimensional object directly and it is more economical method. The objective of this investigation is to primarily fabricate as-build and annealed polymer associated composites of carbon fiber Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (CF-PETG) material by FDM with the effect of different raster angle and layer thickness were consider as the prime parameters. The test specimen was prepared by FDM process with different raster angle (00/900, -450, +450, -450/+450) and layer thickness (100, 400 microns) with other parameters were kept constant. The study of the mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile and impact test of the as-built and annealed CF-PETG were investigated. The best results obtained for annealed specimens printed with raster angle of 00/900 and layer thickness of 100 microns produced more influence in all the mechanical properties.

This research paper affords the practical investigation of the fabrication of eco based composites. The banana fiber is used as primary and powdered coconut shell is utilized as secondary reinforcements with epoxy resin to structure hybrid composite samples. The fiber weight proportion was kept as constant and the powder weight proportion was varied with five different proportions. Composite laminates were made-up by hand lay-up technique and tailed by compression moulding process. The manufactured composites had been examined as per the standards of ASTM to estimate the mechanical behaviors such as flexural, tensile and impact strengths. The results of the tests show that under mechanical loads, the hybrid composite with coconut shell powder outperforms the unfilled fiber reinforced composite

In order to investigate the possible use of normal capital, we have tried by hand to manufacturing sisal fibre polymer composites. Natural fibre composites are reusable, low-cost and biodegradable. Simple source, lesser compactness, superior basic property, lower quality, acceptable physical and mechanical properties, non-acidic in the environment, make them a good-looking biological substitute for glass, carbon or other artificial fibres. The outcome of SiC on the physical and mechanical properties of organic sisal composite materials is studied in this work. The composite was manufactured with and devoid of SiC, mixing natural sisal fibre with polyester as a reinforcement medium. The investigational results showed that the tensile force of the mixture with 12 % SiC was 2.52 times better than that of the composite devoid of SiC. The collision strength of the 12% SiC merged is 1.72 times higher than that of the SiC pure polyester composite.

The dependence on bio-friendly composite has triggered researchers to explore several natural lignocellulose fibers. The promising properties of the fibers resulted in natural fibrils to be used as sustainable alternate for artificial man-made fibrils. The present work deals with exploration of physio-mechanical and chemical characteristics of coconut inflorescence fibers. The coconut inflorescence fibers are extracted by the process of retting and then the fibers are subjected to surface modification with KOH. The amorphous constituents present in the fibers were eroded and significant improvements in properties of the fibers were observed. XRD and FTIR analysis confirmed the removal of functional groups and crystallinity improvement were also confirmed. Single fiber tensile test confronted the improvement in tensile nature of the fibrils. Increase in fiber diameter was also observed as a result of surface modifications done on the fiber surfaces.

In recent years, asbestos and copper free brake pads have attracted researchers due to its adverse environmental risks which requires manufacturers to seek a suitable replacement. It is essential to identify new combination of synthetic and natural fibers for the potential automotive brake pads. Experiments were planned to produce various frictional composites by using additives like carbon fiber and basalt fiber with standard additional ingredients like binders, fillers, abrasives and lubricants through hot pressing technique. Here binder act as epoxy resin is mixed with these frictional composites and graphite act as lubricant, vermiculite act as filler and alumina act as abrasives. The prepared form of polymer composite brake pad materials was tested as per ASTM and industrial standard practices like hardness, wear and friction followed by worn surface roughness were measured.

Productivity plays a vital role in manufacturing processes as well as in service. Sheet metal bending process is a type of forming process that has been used by the wide range in industries. There are several tangible and intangible factors affecting the production rate during the bending process. Spring back is one of the severe factors which affects the production rate, especially in stainless steel material. The spring back is mostly affected by material properties, sheet thickness, bending radius, die sizes and component geometry. In this paper, the spring back is studied by the effect of various parameters such as rectangle/oblong slots with varying pitch distance and without slots and bending time in the stainless-steel material 304 grade in V-air bending machine. The experimental data are evaluated by means of the Response Surface Method (RSM). Finally, it was observed that explored results have the betterment of the production rate with connection to spring back.

Incorporating of organic fibers originated from plants in polymer composite have gained significant attention over a period of time as they provide eco-friendly lighter composites. The increasing demand by automotive sectors for wear and frictional areas where the conservation of energy is concerned is expected with addition of nano -solid lubricants. Our aim is to fabricate organic frictional composites of basalt fiber reinforced polymer composites along with three possible combination of nano - solid lubricants like (1) graphite (2) graphene (3) molybdenum disulfide through hot press technique. The outcome of the tribological tests (by varying load and sliding velocity) indicates that these three-organic fiber-based polymer composites have been effectively modified by nano-solid lubricants leading to significant enhancement. In which molybdenum disulfide- based brake pad material is an attractive material to replace the practical problems in automotive sector was the key finding.

Disc brake is the customarily used braking system in automobiles. In the disc brake assembly, rotor is subjected to rotation and the brake pads are operated by the driver through mechanical action. So, the disc plays a decisive role in dropping the speed or stopping the vehicle. These discs were commonly made of cast iron conventionally. But the limitations with respect to cast iron are that they have less corrosion resistance and heavy in weight. In order to overcome the above-said complications, alternate materials for disc have to be found. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of three different materials and their characteristics and recommend a fitting material that highly replaces the conventional material and has better performance at on-road braking conditions.

The present study deals with natural lignocellulose fibril extricated from habara plant. The fibrils are found to possess high level of amorphous constituents. KOH Surface modification of fibrils at 5wt% enhanced the crystallographic index of habara plant fibers. The thermal stability of the fibers is found to be promising in comparison with unexposed habara plant fiber. The reinforcement of habara plant fibers with epoxy matrix contributed to utmost tensile and flexural strength of 79 MPa and 121 MPa. Scanning electron microscope analysis exposed the intricate surface of habara plant fibers are porous and rough in nature of the fibers subjected to KOH modification. The foresaid composites as application in automobile interior will result in reduction of land filling caused by man made fibril fortified polymer composites.

The critical components in earlier were manufactured by mild steel but due to low corrosion resistance, stainless steel and aluminium alloy are being utilised. However a component of aluminium alloy has to be enriched by anodizing for long durability and better corrosion resistance. But peel off, pit formation, low adhesion and white rust formation are still the downfalls faced by the industries in the coated components over cyclic duration. High-Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying is an adaptable method that can produce high-density coating with less than 1% porosity, high resistant to chemical environment providing better adhesion and increase the life of mating components. Though stainless steel and anodized aluminium alloy offers far superior life span and corrosion resistance but still more expensive than mild steel.