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Climate change is a global phenomenon now and countries across the globe are working towards reducing emissions by bringing in stricter legislations on emissions and CO2. India is also facing huge challenges on pollutions in large cities. Reports suggest that 7 of the 10 most polluted cities of the world lie in India. The growing public opinion towards cleaner air and reduced greenhouse gaseous emissions has sensitized the matter and has led to drafting of strict emission legislations in India during the past few years. The leap frogging from BS 4 to BS 6 in 2020 by skipping BS 5 norms showed the intent of the GOI towards emission reduction. The BS 6 legislation is not limiting to meeting norms with legislative emission cycle but will also focus from year 2023 onto real driving emissions on actual roads. GOI is also proposing to implement fleet CO2 emission norms (CAFÉ) by 2022 to regulate the CO2 emissions.

With the rising pollutant emission level in Indian cities, the focus on pure BEVs is also increasing in India. Therefore, the Indian Government is currently preparing suitable policies to promote the acceptance of BEVs (e.g., FAME-2) [1]. The goal is to provide subsidies and develop the required infrastructure for battery charging. The environmental conditions in India differ significantly from those in other developed countries in Europe or China. The maximum temperatures can rise to 55 °C in the summertime [2]. In winter, temperatures in the northern Himalayan regions can fall below -25 °C [3]. Within this wide range of environmental conditions, all components, such as the electric motor and battery, must be conditioned by the thermal system of the vehicle. On the one hand, HV battery packs are one of the main cost drivers. On the other hand, currently, the battery size must be maximized to improve the driving range and ensure customer acceptance.

The range of tasks in automotive electrical system development has clearly grown and now includes goals such as achieving efficiency requirements and complying with continuously reducing CO2 limits. Improvements in the vehicle electrical system, hereinafter referred to as the power net, are mandatory to face the challenges of increasing electrical energy consumption, new comfort and assistance functions, and further electrification. Novel power net topologies with dual batteries and dual voltages promise a significant increase in efficiency with moderate technological and financial effort. Depending on the vehicle segment, either an extension of established 12 V micro-hybrid technologies or 48 V mild hybridization is possible. Both technologies have the potential to reduce fuel consumption by implementing advanced stop/start and sailing functionalities.

One of the challenges faced when using Li-ion batteries in electric vehicles is to keep the cell temperatures below a given threshold. Mathematical modeling would indeed be an efficient tool to test virtually this requirement and accelerate the battery product lifecycle. Moreover, temperature predicting models could potentially be used on-board to decrease the limitations associated with sensor based temperature feedbacks. Accordingly, we present a complete modeling procedure which was used to calculate the cell temperatures during a given electric vehicle trip. The procedure includes a simple vehicle dynamics model, an equivalent circuit battery model, and a 3D finite element thermal model. Model parameters were identified from measurements taken during constant current and pulse current discharge tests. The cell temperatures corresponding to an actual electric vehicle trip were calculated and compared with measured values.

The interest in electric propulsion of vehicles has increased in recent years and is being discussed extensively by experts as well as the public. Up to now the driving range and the utilization of pure electric vehicles are still limited in comparison to conventional vehicles due to the limited capacity and the long charging times of today's batteries. This is a challenge to customer acceptance of a pure electric vehicle, even for a city car application. A Range Extender concept could achieve the desired customer acceptance, but should not impact the “electric driving” experience, and should not cause further significant increases in the manufacturing and purchasing cost. The V2 engine concept presented in this paper is particularly suited to a low cost, modular vehicle concept. Advantages regarding packaging can be realized with the use of two generators in combination with the V2 engine.

To achieve CO2-neutral mobility, various OEMs are launching Heavy Duty (HD) Electric Vehicle (EV) throughout the globe. HD EVs are equipped with high-power battery packs to sustain intercity trips in laden conditions. Compared to passenger EVs, commercial EVs require higher charging duration due to high-capacity batteries with existing CCS charging standard. This results in increased trip duration low power charging and overnight charging will result in higher idle time therefore decreasing the effective vehicle utilization. To mitigate these challenges, CharIN proposes Megawatt Charging System (MCS) in SAE J3271. This paper aims at providing a comprehensive analysis between the Megawatt Charging System and Combined Charging System. In addition to this, this paper emphasis the hardware and software changes required in the Charging Control Unit (CCU) to meet SAE J3271 standards and hardware solutions to operate the vehicle within its respective thermal limit during megawatt charging.

Indian cities are among the most polluted in the world. The transportation sector is one of the major sources of gaseous pollutants. In recent years, also the effects of climate change and global warming have been felt across the globe. India has therefore committed at the CoP26 summit in 2021 to reduce its CO2 emissions by 45% till the year 2030. The Indian automotive sector is already addressing the problem with implementation of the Stage 2 BS VI norms, CAFÉ & Stage V standards and pursuing rapid electrification with application of zero emission vehicles. India also has the largest rail network of Asia, and a significant proportion of greenhouse gases is emitted by this sector. Deployment of zero emission fuel cell trains would be one of the solutions to meet India’s emission reduction targets.