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This work regards the study of the effect of the fuel properties on the diesel engine emissions of particulate separated in soluble organic fraction (SOF) and soot. A Euro-4 engine was used operating at two engine conditions: 1500 rpm speed − 8% of maximum load and 2300 rpm − 13%. Model hydrocarbon fuels containing 100% of n-alkanes and iso-alkanes were used for studying the effect of cetane number. The effect of fuel composition on soot and SOF emissions was studied at a fixed cetane number (52) by using six fuels formulated with 90 vol% of model alkanes and iso-alkanes and 10 vol% of different components as alkylbenzenes, naphthenes (decaline), diaromatics (methylnaphthalene), fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and highly paraffinic refinery streams (Fischer-Tropsch GtL and high-pressure Hydro cracking).