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The Toyota Prius Prime is a new generation of Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, the electric drive range of which is 25 miles. This version is improved from the previous version by the addition of a one-way clutch between the engine and the planetary gear-set, which enables the generator to add electric propulsive force. The vehicle was analyzed, developed and validated based on test data from Argonne National Laboratory’s Advanced Powertrain Research Facility, where chassis dynamometer set temperature can be controlled in a thermal chamber. First, we analyzed and developed components such as engine, battery, motors, wheels and chassis, including thermal aspects based on test data. By developing models considering thermal aspects, it is possible to simulate the vehicle driving not only in normal temperatures but also in hot, cold, or warmed-up conditions.

With the increasing demand for Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) capable of extended mileage, optimizing their efficiency has become paramount for manufacturers. However, the challenge lies in balancing the need for climate control within the cabin and precise thermal regulation of the battery, which can significantly reduce a vehicle's driving range, often leading to energy consumption exceeding 50% under severe weather conditions. To address these critical concerns, this study embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the impact of weather conditions on energy consumption and range for the 2019 Nissan Leaf Plus. The primary objective of this research is to enhance the understanding of thermal management for BEVs by introducing a sophisticated thermal management system model, along with detailed thermal models for both the battery and the cabin.