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The USDOT and the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership-Vehicle Safety Communications 2 (CAMP-VSC2) Consortium (Ford, GM, Honda, Mercedes, and Toyota) initiated, in December 2006, a three-year collaborative effort in the area of wireless-based safety applications under the Vehicle Safety Communications-Applications (VSC-A) Project. The VSC-A Project developed and tested communications-based vehicle safety systems to determine if Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) at 5.9 GHz, in combination with vehicle positioning, would improve upon autonomous vehicle-based safety systems and/or enable new communications-based safety applications.

The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) and the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership-Vehicle Safety Communications 2 (CAMP-VSC2) Consortium (Ford, General Motors, Honda, Mercedes-Benz, and Toyota) initiated, in December 2006, a three-year collaborative effort in the area of wireless-based safety applications under the Vehicle Safety Communications-Applications (VSC-A) Project. The VSC-A Project developed and tested Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications-based safety systems to determine if Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) at 5.9 GHz, in combination with vehicle positioning, would improve upon autonomous vehicle-based safety systems and/or enable new communications-based safety applications.

A vehicle's safety system capability can be enhanced by a cooperative Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) system in which vehicles communicate their driving status data, such as location and speed, using a common Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) protocol. The effectiveness of the V2V applications will depend on the number of the vehicles equipped. Market penetration significantly influences the effectiveness of V2V safety applications. Previous research indicated that it could take decades to reach 95% DSRC safety device penetration in the market if only the new vehicles are equipped with the DSRC transponders during manufacturing. In order to raise the market penetration of such technology in the foreseeable future and provide a safety benefit to the early adopters, a scenario that involves retrofit and aftermarket DSRC devices is suggested by U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT).