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Electromagnetic compatibility of electric vehicles is withstanding great challenges because of multiple ECU and actuators distributed in vehicle. At present, researches on electromagnetic characteristics of vehicle mainly focus on rectification based on the EMC experiment, which take much time and energy. Thus, this paper adopts the way of computer simulation studying the electromagnetism model and electromagnetic characteristics of electric vehicle with following procedure. Firstly, the equivalent model of wiring harness was deduced and built. Harnesses were divided into different groups according to terminal reflection property. The equivalent unit parameter matrix was calculated to build the equivalent wiring harness. The crosstalk and radiation cases were set to check the equivalent harness method.

Smart electric vehicles need more accurate and more timely information as well as control than traditional vehicles, which depends on great environmental sensors such as millimeter-wave radar. In this way, the electromagnetic compatibility of whole vehicle would confront more serious challenges because of its high frequency range. Thus, this paper studies the electromagnetic distribution and electromagnetic interference suppression of smart electric vehicles with the followings. Firstly, the millimeter wave radar is modeled and optimized. Micro strip patch antenna, with small size, light mass and low cost, is used as array element of antenna. Millimeter wave radar is modeled and simulated step by step from array element to line array to planar matrix. Then the Cross Shape - Uniplanar Compact - Electromagnetic Band Gap (CS-UC-EBG) structure is deployed to optimize its electromagnetic characteristics, based on finite time domain difference model theory.

Nowadays researches of automotive electromagnetic field mainly focus on the component level and electromagnetic compatibility, while there is a lack of relevant studies on internal electromagnetic environment of the vehicles. With the increasingly complex internal electromagnetic environment of the vehicle, people are increasingly concerned about its potential impact of human health. This article researches on a type of electric vehicle and the occupants and analyses its electromagnetic radiation effects on human health. Firstly, considering the characters of Pro/E, Hypermesh and FEKO, the “Characteristics grouping subdivision” method is used to establish the entire vehicle body FE model. According to the requirement of MOM/FEM method, the entire vehicle model is optimized to be a high quality body model with simple construction and moderate grid size.

From the perspective of the three elements of electromagnetic interference, the main function of shielding is to cut off the propagation path of electromagnetic noise. The battery pack casing can be regarded as shielding the electromagnetic interference conducted on its internal and external wiring harnesses, but because the battery pack casing has power lines in and out, the battery pack casing is an incomplete shield. In the field of electromagnetics, shielding can be divided into electrical shielding, magnetic shielding and electromagnetic shielding. Therefore, this paper studies its influence on the electromagnetic radiation emission of the whole vehicle from the perspective of shielding mechanism. Due to the role of the switch components in the power battery system, strong current fluctuation di/dt and voltage fluctuation dv/dt will be generated on the power cable, and these interferences will have an important impact on the radiation emission of the vehicle.