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The main purpose of this test was to determine the application advantages of cushion tow hitches in comparison to the commonly used rigid tow hitch type fitted on heavy aircraft towing tractors. As diverse opinions emerged about its suitability since the introduction on the market of this new tow hitch type, it was intended to physically measure and evaluate the damping capability of this cushioned tow link when applied in practice.

The purpose of this document is to provide a standard for aircraft fuselage markings located at the doors used for ground servicing operations. These markings can be used by all GSE that will dock at the aircraft. These markings may be used for one or several phases of the GSE positioning relative to the aircraft process: GSE alignment during approach, GSE final docking, and GSE auto leveling. It is not the purpose of this standard to describe the different technologies, cameras, or other equipment that can be mounted on GSE to utilize these markings. The aircraft that may use these markings will have a fuselage diameter of 3 m or more.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes the characteristics and effects of using no-break power transfer (NBPT) methods when switching between auxiliary-power unit (APU) and ground-power unit (GPU). The GPU may be: a Point-of-use solid-state frequency converter, engine-generator, or motor-generator b Central system powered by motor-generator or solid-state frequency converter

The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852A and ARP4853A. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, reduce the certified safe life limit of the nose gear, or induce a stability problem during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only. It is not meant for dispatch (operational) towing (see definitions in Section 3). Dispatch towing imposes greater loads on nose gears and structure due to additional passenger, cargo, and fuel loads.

The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852 and ARP4853. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, or are within the aircraft manufacturer’s limits so that they do not affect the certified safe limit of the nose gear. The results of these test evaluations will also determine if a stability problem may occur during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations with the tested airplane/tow vehicle combination. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is intended as a source of comparative information and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This document describes currently used fuels and fuels which may be used in the future. Conventional gasoline and diesel fuels are intentionally omitted from this document.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is intended as a source of comparative information and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances. This document describes currently used fuels and fuels which may be used in the future. Conventional gasoline and diesel fuels are intentionally omitted from this document.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines recommended ramp pavement marking standards for proper guidance and positioning of GSE on commercial transport aircraft parking and handling stands (gates), in line with International Civil Aviation (ICAO) recommendations applicable to airport aprons. Throughout this document, the minimum essential criteria are identified by use of the key word "shall". Recommended criteria are identified by use of the key word "should" and, while not mandatory, are considered to be of primary importance in providing safety effective ramp markings. Deviation from recommended criteria should only occur after careful consideration and thorough service evaluation have shown alternate methods to provide an equivalent level of safety.

This Recommended Practice outlines the general requirements for a transportable self-contained, continuous duty, diesel engine driven brushless alternator unit for supplying 400-Hertz electrical power to high performance commercial transport aircraft. It is intended to assist the airlines in standardardizing recommendations for various sizes and configurations of equipment and it is a guide for the preparation of detailed specifications by the purchaser. The unit is primarily intended to supply power to the aircraft during passenger loading and unloading, and during servicing operations at airports throughout the world. The combination of the equipment specified herein and the interconnecting cable(s) between the 400-Hertz alternator and the aircraft shall provide power characteristics at the aircraft receptacle which meet MIL-STD-704A requirements for Category "B" equipment. Other limits which are necessary to meet specific conditions must be specified by the purchaser.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the design and functional requirements for aircraft passenger lifts, operated manually and self-propelled. The primary function of the lift described in this document is to act as an elevator between ground level and aircraft doorsills to a maximum of 144 in.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines the design and functional requirements for aircraft passenger lifts, operated manually and self-propelled. The primary function of the lift described in this document is to act as an elevator between ground level and aircraft doorsills to a maximum of 144 in.

This Aerospace Information Report (AIR) outlines the conditions which diesel engines should meet when installed and used as prime movers for aircraft ground support equipment at commercial airports. All aircraft ground support equipment with a heavy duty diesel engine as defined on page 24293 of the November 15, 1972 Federal Register and used as a prime mover for the vehicle or equipment should meet all requirements as outlined herein. Typical equipment includes fuel trucks, commissary trucks, baggage tractors, ground power units, air start units, etc.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) covers all types of ground support equipment required to support civil transport aircraft.

This ARP covers all types of ground support equipment required to support civil transport aircraft.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) covers all types of ground support equipment required to support civil transport aircraft.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) covers, and is restricted to, selecting appropriate applications for electric powered ground support equipment (GSE) at airports.

This Aerospace Information Report (AIR) covers, and is restricted to, selecting appropriate applications for electric powered ground support equipment (GSE) at airports.

This AIR is presented in two parts - the first part, to alert the engineer with respect to the environmental factors which he might have to consider - the second part, as tabular data and figures to which he can refer with respect to a specific geographical location.