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Reliable data on human metabolic materials are essential for designing environmental control and life support systems (ECLSS) in manned space facilities. This paper presents results from detailed analyses of human metabolic gases, including trace gases, breath, and water vapor collected from twenty healthy subjects of Japanese, and of urine from thirty-three volunteers that was stored at room temperature and at low temperature for seven days. The most SMAC-critical trace gas was carbon monoxide, which was detected in abundance in smoker's breath samples. The urine preserved at room temperature for one week indicated remarkable changes in constituent concentrations, suggesting metabolic activity of microorganisms in the urine sample. These results are being used to develop, test, and operate a trace contaminant removal system and the water reclamation system for a regenerative ECLSS, to evaluate the efficiency of the systems, and to monitor the quality of the closed environment.

A 48-hour manned closed environment test was carried out using the closure environmental adaptation training facility (isolation chamber) at Tsukuba Space Center of NASDA (National Space Development Agency of Japan), in Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan. This 48-hour closed test was planned and conducted as a preliminary testing for future manned closed tests of advanced life support systems. The purposes of the test were to obtain basic data related to design requirements of regenerative life support systems, which include environmental data of air, water, waste water, and microorganisms inside the chamber, and data on human mass balance and human consumables during the test. Additionally perform integrated evaluation tests on functions and performance of Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) subsystem research models which have been fabricated and evaluated so far in independent separate tests.