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Abstract The use of nanomaterials and nanostructures have been revolutionizing the advancements of science and technology in various engineering and medical fields. As an example, Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) have been extensively used for the improvement of mechanical, thermal, electrical, magnetic, and deteriorative properties of traditional composite materials for applications in high-performance structures. The exceptional materials properties of CNTs (i.e., mechanical, magnetic, thermal, and electrical) have introduced them as promising candidates for reinforcement of traditional composites. Most structural configurations of CNTs provide superior material properties; however, their geometrical shapes can deliver different features and characteristics. As one of the unique geometrical configurations, helical CNTs have a great potential for improvement of mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of polymeric resin composites.

Abstract Soft actuators with pneumatic network have innovative potential applications in medical and rehabilitation areas. The performance of this kind of actuators is determined by the design of chambers and the properties of the active extensible layer and the passive inextensible layer. In this article, actuator with isosceles trapezoidal chambers is proposed. Orthogonal experiment design and finite element method are used to optimize the structure of actuators. Results indicate that adding constrain-limiting paper in the passive layer can significantly reduce the bending radius. Position of the paper in the passive layer also affects the bending radius. Actuators with trapezoidal chambers can have a smaller bending radius compared with that with rectangle chambers. The bending radius decreases as the ratio of short base to long base of trapezoid decreases. Increasing the number density of chambers can further reduce the bending radius.

Nikola Tesla in the year 1920 invented a new type of one-way valve, without any moving parts. He made this possible, by virtue of the geometry of the fluid path. In this work, we have optimised the design made by Tesla and increased its efficiency. Today, these valves are used in micro-fluidic systems, pulsating heat pipes, spacecraft propulsion systems etc. Apart from this, we have found that this valve can also be used in the Intra-venous fluid administration system and also in suppressors of guns. In the IV system, the valve can be used to address the reverse blood flow issue. In suppressors, the valve can reduce the pressure of hot gas coming from the gun which in turn reduces the sound made by the gun. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation was done using fluid analysis software. From CFD analysis it was observed that the efficiency of the optimised valve has increased 2 times as compared to the original tesla valve.

To improve the biofidelity of the currently available Hybrid III 10-year-old (HIII-10C) Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD), the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has developed the Large Omnidirectional Child (LODC) ATD. The LODC head is a redesigned HIII-10C head with mass properties and modified skin material required to match pediatric biomechanical impact response targets from the literature. A dynamic, nonlinear finite element (FE) model of the LODC head has been developed using the mesh generating tool Hypermesh based on the three-dimensional CAD model. The material data, contact definitions, and initial conditions are defined in LS-PrePost and converted to LS-Dyna solver input format. The aluminum head skull is stiff relative to head flesh material and was thus modeled as a rigid material. For the actual LODC, the head flesh is form fit onto the skull and held in place through contact friction.

Mass is one important suspicious object for breast cancer diagnosis in mammograms. Computer-aided detection (CAD) based on fully supervised deep learning achieves high performance for mass detection in mammograms. The lack of fine-grained expert labels becomes the bottleneck for the large-scale application of CAD to achieve detection in mammograms. Weakly supervised methods provide a solution to tackle the annotation problems, including in the application for mass detection. However, previous works face the problem of insufficient localization information, which affect the ability of mass detection. In this paper, we propose a multi-view enhancing mass detection network (MVMDNet) with dual view inputs that contains craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) view of mammograms, where different view features are interacted and fused to enhance localization information.

Under body blast (UBB) loading to military transport vehicles is known to cause foot-ankle fractures to occupants due to energy transfer from the vehicle floor to the feet of the soldier. The soldier posture, the proximity of the event with respect to the soldier, the personal protective equipment (PPE) and age/sex of the soldier are some variables that can influence injury severity and injury patterns. Recently conducted experiments to simulate the loading environment to the human foot/ankle in UBB events (~5ms rise time) with variables such as posture, age and PPE were used for the current study. The objective of this study was to determine statistically if these variables affected the primary injury predictors, and develop injury risk curves. Fifty below-knee post mortem human surrogate (PMHS) legs were used for statistical analysis. Injuries to specimens involved isolated and multiple fractures of varying severity.

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is a powerful and well recognized tool used in the analysis of heat transfer problems. However, FEA can only analyze solid bodies and, by necessity thermal analysis with FEA is limited to conductive heat transfer. The other two types of heat transfer: convection and radiation must by approximated by boundary conditions. Modeling all three mechanisms of heat transfer without arbitrary assumption requires a combined use of FEA and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).

Abstract The demand for contactless, rapid manufacturing has increased over the years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additive manufacturing (AM), a type of rapid manufacturing, is a computer-based system that precisely manufactures products. It proves to be a faster, cheaper, and more efficient production system when integrated with cloud-based manufacturing (CBM). Similarly, the need for semiconductors has grown exponentially over the last five years. Several companies could not keep up with the increasing demand for many reasons. One of the main reasons is the lack of a workforce due to the COVID-19 protocols. This article proposes a novel technique to manufacture semiconductor chips in a fast-paced manner. An algorithm is integrated with cloud, machine vision, sensors, and email access to monitor with live feedback and correct the manufacturing in case of an anomaly.

Abstract The hot corrosion studies for the die-casted magnesium (Mg) silver (Ag) alloys are carried out through the steam heating route. The Magnesium Silver (QE22A) alloy is fixed under the top lid of the pressure cooker (2 liters) and filled with water and 5% salt (NaCl) solution. The specimens are treated with different time intervals (10, 20, and 30 minutes), with the steam temperature maintained at 100°C around the specimen. The results showed an increase in the corrosion rate with the increase in the steaming time. Further, after the specimens have cooled down to room temperature, similar experiments are repeated for the second and third cycles. Here the formation of the oxide layers over the specimen has reduced the corrosion rate. The structural, surface study was carried out through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to know the corrosion behavior on the specimen.

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been an indispensable tool for design simulation for several decades but this wide spread use has been limited to simple types of analyses. Relatively recently, more advanced analyses have given easy-to-use interfaces enabling design engineers to simulate problems formerly reserved for analysts. FEA Beyond Basics targets the FEA users who wish to explore those advanced analysis capabilities. It will demonstrate how to move past the ubiquitous linear structural analysis and solve structural nonlinear problems characterized by nonlinear material, large displacements, buckling or nonlinear connectors.

ISO 14001:2015 is an environmental management standard (EMS) developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The ISO 14001 standard is generic and can be used for any organization, whether it provides physical products or services. The requirements must be carefully interpreted to make sense within a particular organization. Developing automotive products and the environmental impact of this activity is not like producing food products or offering consulting services; yet the ISO 14001 standard, because it is business and management oriented can be applied to any activity.

This SAE Standard establishes the performance specifications for the zero-tolerance breath alcohol detection system to reduce the risks of driving under the influence of alcohol. It defines the accuracy and precision requirements of the breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) measurement, as well as the acceptability criteria and key parameters to test these requirements. Additionally, this standard sets the performance requirements of the system for ethanol sensitivity, the response time, and the electrical, mechanical, and environmental conditions the system may encounter throughout the lifespan of the vehicle.

The “Integrated Wheelchair Bed” is an innovative assistive technology designed to address the unique needs of individuals with mobility challenges. This duality concept is born out of a deep understanding of the daily challenges faced by those who require mobility aids for transportation and also need to rest periodically throughout the day, allowing for seamless transitions between mobility and rest. This dichotomy promotes both physical well-being and emotional independence, enhancing the overall quality of life for users. The need for a new wheelchair bed hybrid arises from evolving user requirements, such as improved comfort, compactness, customization, safety, technology integration, cost-efficiency, durability, versatility, aesthetics, healthcare integration, and sustainability. To overcome these problems, we have proposed a wheelchair that can be transformed into a bed using a two-bar linkage with a slot lock mechanism.

This self paced course reviews the important facets of ISO 9001:2015, the most widely accepted quality management standard.  The standard can be applied to any organization that, regardless of its type or size, needs to demonstrate its ability to consistently provide products and services that enhance customer satisfaction and provide assurance of conformity to customer and applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.  This four-hour ISO 9001:2015 is a high level review.

ISO 13485:2016 is an international standard that establishes the requirements for a quality management system specific to the medical devices industry. It specifies requirements for a quality management system where an organization needs to demonstrate its ability to provide medical devices and related services that consistently meet customer and applicable regulatory requirements. ISO 13485 is designed to be used by organizations involved in the design, production, installation and servicing of medical devices and related services.

ISO 13485:2016 is an international standard that establishes the requirements for a quality management system specific to the medical devices industry. It specifies requirements for a quality management system where an organization needs to demonstrate its ability to provide medical devices and related services that consistently meet customer and applicable regulatory requirements. ISO 13485 is designed to be used by organizations involved in the design, production, installation and servicing of medical devices and related services.

ISO 14001:2015 is an environmental management standard (EMS) developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The ISO 14001 standard is generic and can be used for any organization, whether it provides physical products or services. The requirements must be carefully interpreted to make sense within a particular organization. Developing mobility products and the environmental impact of this activity is not like producing food products or offering consulting services; yet the ISO 14001 standard, because it is business and management oriented can be applied to any activity.

This interactive eLearning GD&T training course now utilizes HTML5 for better browser and device compatibility. It contains 23 robust, self-paced learning modules that explain the terms, symbols, modifiers, rules, and basic concepts of geometric tolerancing as prescribed in the ASME Y14.5-2018 Standard. Progress is easily measured with instant feedback throughout each lesson that reinforces and aids in concept retention, allowing the learner to determine where further review may be needed. Full color detailed animations that help participants clearly visualize concepts, along with audio narration and 3D solid part examples.

ISO 14001:2015 is an environmental management standard (EMS) developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The ISO 14001 standard is generic and can be used for any organization, whether it provides physical products or services. The requirements must be carefully interpreted to make sense within a particular organization. Developing automotive products and the environmental impact of this activity is not like producing food products or offering consulting services; yet the ISO 14001 standard, because it is business and management oriented can be applied to any activity.

This self paced course reviews the important facets of ISO 9001:2015, the most widely accepted quality management standard.  The standard can be applied to any organization that, regardless of its type or size, needs to demonstrate its ability to consistently provide products and services that enhance customer satisfaction and provide assurance of conformity to customer and applicable statutory and regulatory requirements. Estimated to take up to 15 hours to complete,  this self paced course provides training on the standard, and how to lead or conduct internal audits and supplier audits using ISO 19011:2015.