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With the continuous improvement of vehicle air leakage performance, an aural discomfort phenomenon had been occurred at the instant of vehicle door closing. There are many studies on door closing sound quality in past 20 years, but there is little publications on the study of the aural discomfort due to a transient high air pressure fluctuations. In this paper, the relationships of passenger’s aural discomfort produced by interior air pressure fluctuations are systematically studied. The ratio of door surface area to passenger compartment volume and other related parameters such as the cross-sectional area of a vehicle, the air extractor size, and the vehicle body air leakage under positive pressure are also studied through CAE analysis and verified through a large number of objective measurements and subjective vehicle evaluation.

Advanced exhaust after-treatment technology is required for heavy-duty diesel vehicles to achieve stringent Euro VI emission standards. Diesel particulate filter (DPF) is the most efficient system that is used to trap the particulate matter (PM), and particulate number (PN) emissions form diesel engines. The after-treatment system used in this study is catalyzed DPF (CDPF) downstream of diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) with secondary fuel injection. Additional fuel is injected upstream of DOC to enhance exothermal heat which is needed to raise the CDPF temperature during the active regeneration process. The objective of this research is to numerically investigate soot loading and active regeneration of a CDPF on a heavy-duty diesel engine. In order to improve the active regeneration performance of CDPF, several factors are investigated in the study such as the effect of catalytic in filter wall, soot distribution form along filter wall, and soot loads.

Urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a key technology for heavy-duty diesel engines to meet the increasingly stringent nitric oxides (NOx) emission limits of regulations. The urea water solution injection control is critical for urea SCR systems to achieve high NOx conversion efficiency while keeping the ammonia (NH3) slip at a required level. In general, an open loop control strategy is sufficient for SCR systems to satisfy Euro IV and Euro V NOx emission limits. However, for Euro VI emission regulation, advanced control strategy is essential for SCR systems due to its more tightened NOx emission limit and more severe test procedure compared to Euro IV and Euro V. This work proposed an approach to achieve model based closed loop control for SCR systems to meet the Euro VI NOx emission limits. A chemical kinetic model of the SCR catalyst was established and validated to estimate the ammonia storage in the SCR catalyst.

Diesel particulate filter (DPF) is indispensable for diesel engines to meet the increasingly stringent emission regulations. Both the peak temperature and the maximum temperature gradient of the DPF during active regeneration should be well controlled in order to enhance the reliability and durability of the filter. In this paper, the temperature field of the DPF during active regeneration with hydrocarbon (HC) injection was investigated with engine bench tests and numerical simulation. For the experimental study, 24 thermocouples were inserted into the DPF channels to measure the inner temperature of the filter to capture its temperature field, and the circumferential, axial and radial distribution of the filter temperature was analyzed to understand the DPF temperature field behavior during active regeneration.

Diesel particulate filter (DPF) is necessary for diesel engines to meet the increasingly stringent emission regulations. Many studies have demonstrated that the lubricant derived ash has a significant effect on DPF pressure drop and engine fuel economy, and this effect becomes more and more severe with the increasing of operating hours of the DPF because the ash accumulated in the DPF cannot be removed by regeneration. It is reported that most of the DPFs operated with more ash than soot in the filter for more than three quarters of the time during its lifetime [1]. In order to mitigate this problem, the original engine manufacturers (OEM) tend to use an oversized DPF for the engine. However, it will increase the costs of the DPF and reduce the compactness of the engine aftertreatment system.

Urea-based selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitric oxides (NOx) is a key technology for heavy-duty diesel engines to achieve the increasingly stringent NOx emission standards. The aqueous urea injection control is critical for urea-SCR systems in order to achieve high NOx conversion efficiency while restricting the tailpipe ammonia (NH3) slip. For Euro VI emission regulation, an advanced control strategy is essential for SCR systems since its NOx emission limits are tighter and test procedure are more stringent compared to Euro IV and Euro V. The complex chemical kinetics of the SCR process has motivated model-based control design approaches. However, the model is too complex to allow real-time implementation. Therefore, it is very important to have a reduced order model for SCR control system.

The conventional concept of soot and ash wall deposits (i.e. cake-layers) gradually building up along the channels of a ceramic honeycomb and then periodically or continuously being swept downstream toward the end-plugs of the channels may not always occur in practice. When deposits irregularly form on or detach from the walls, causing premature clogging usually around the mid-sections of the channels (also known as Mid-Channel Collapse), and the particulate filter is prone to experiencing significantly elevated back pressure, resulting in the need for earlier repair or replacement than desired. Here we describe related experiments that were performed, accompanied by analysis and simulation, in order to investigate the factors that contribute to the patterns of wall deposits that form-particularly of ash-and the effects of these irregular patterns.

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) has been demonstrated as one of the most promising technologies to reduce NOx emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines. To meet the Euro VI regulations, the SCR system should achieve high NOx reduction efficiency even at low temperature. In the SCR system, NH3 is usually supplied by the injection of urea water solution (UWS), therefore it is important to improve the evaporation and decomposition efficiency of UWS at low temperature and minimize urea deposits. In this study, the UWS spray, urea decomposition, and the UWS impingement on pipe wall at low temperature were investigated based on an engine test bench and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The decomposition of urea and deposits was analyzed using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

China 6 emission legislation was finalized in 2018 and the full implementation nationwide is postponed to 2021 due to COVID-19. It is foreseen that the post China 6 legislation will have more stringent primary and secondary emission requirements including further reduction of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and likely to include limits on ammonia (NH3) emissions. This study investigated the secondary emissions (i.e. N2O and NH3) of a variety of China 6 production gasoline vehicles operating under the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC) and random test standardized aggressive (RTS 95) cycle. It was found that N2O emissions were less than 5 mg/km on all these vehicles, far below the current China 6 limit (20 mg/km), however NH3 emissions varied from 2 to 48 mg/km among the production vehicles. The mechanisms of N2O and NH3 formation and their correlation with primary emissions were also investigated.

In order to study the influence of lubricant ash on the performance of the CN6 after-treatment system, especially the catalyst characteristics of Coated Gasoline Particulate Filter (CGPF), the system was rapidly aged on the engine bench by blending combustion method, and the ash content of 60g represented the endurance of 200kkm CGPF. The effects of CGPF with different endurance mileage on particulate matter emission, gas light-off temperature and engine performance of a Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) vehicle were studied on the engine bench, chassis dynamometer and real-road tests. Finally, the ash distribution was analyzed by computed tomography (CT). The results showed that the vehicle equipped with CGPF could meet the requirements of CN6 particulate and gas emission limits under both worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC) and real driving emission (RDE) tests.

The diesel particulate filter (DPF) is an effective technology for particulate matter (PM) and particle number (PN) reduction. On heavy-duty diesel engines, the passive regeneration by Diesel Oxidation catalysts (DOC) and catalyzed DPFs (CDPF) is widely used for its simplicity and low cost, which is generally combined with the active regeneration of exhaust fuel injection. This study investigated a DOC-CDPF system with exhaust fuel injection upstream of the DOC. The system was integrated with a 7-liter diesel engine whose engine-out PM emission was below the Euro IV level and tested on an engine dynamometer. PM and PN concentrations were measured based on the Particle Measurement Programme (PMP), and the number/size spectrum for particles was obtained by a Differential Mobility Spectrometer (DMS). The filtration efficiency of DPF on PN was higher than 99% in ESC test, while the efficiency on PM was only 58%.