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Recently obtained force-deflection information for the frontal, zygomatic and maxillary regions of the human cadaver head and the Hybrid III ATD head indicates need for a redesigned Anthropomorphic Test Dummy (ATD) face. A prototype, deformable, load-sensing face (DLSF) was designed, with human-like-force-deflection compliant materials. The face was divided into six load sensing segments. The force level and impact location as a function of time can be determined for each segment, as well as for a selected set of segments and the whole face. The prototype face underwent preliminary testing for comparison with available cadaver data.

This paper summarizes the development of an Instrumented faceform which can record time histories of impact-related pressures at fifty-two locations over the entire face of a Hybrid 2 crash dummy skull. Pressures are measured by using piezo-electric, thin-plastic films; a high-speed, multiplex data acquisition system; signal conditioning; a software-controlled computerized data reduction and recording scheme; and a submergence calibration technique. The construction of the modified dummy face and the calibration gear are discussed. Examples of preliminary laboratory impact test results are presented. Theory and techniques relating to signal processing software, microprocessor controlled random-access-memory data-retrieval system and system calibration are also discussed. It is hoped that this tool, now undergoing final development and verification testing, will find extensive use in the evaluation and safety-related design of vehicle interiors and occupant restraints.

Results indicate the need for a redesigned Hybrid III face capable of accurate force and acceleration measurements. New instrumentation and methods for facial fracture detection were developed, including the application of acoustic emissions. Force/ deflection information for the human cadaver head and the Hybrid III ATD were generated for the frontal, zygomatic, and maxillary regions.