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The feature of offered algorithm is that it allows, without record and analysis of the display diagram, to estimate a running cycle of a diesel engine parameters which characterize ecological and economic performances. The mathematical model described in report allows to determine connection of coefficient of filling, pressure and temperature of air boost, factor of excess of air with effectiveness ratio of combustion and contents of soot in exhaust gas and to take into account this connection at a choice initial data for control fuel feed or for elaboration of diesel engine dynamic model. The algorithm incorporated, for example, in the microcontroller of an electronic fuel feed controller allows analyzing the sensors data and theoretically determine of smoke amount in the exhaust gases for chosen cycle of fuel feed. The restriction of smoke is possible by criterion dD/dGT, where D - contents of soot in exhaust gas and GT - fuel cycle submission under the program-adaptive schema.

The results of theoretical and experimental investigations of the special synchronous machine and the electrical drive on its base are submitted. This paper covers the principle of operation the brushless synchronous machine, its experimental characteristics, comparison with other types of motors, technique of account of the electromagnetic torque, functional circuits of the electric drive with the independent excited synchronous reactive motor (FRRM - Field Regulated Reluctance Machine). It is the most favorable application of the considered electric drive in the vehicles with heavy conditions of operation, where such are urgent it advantages, as: brushless, high rigidity of the shaft, large overloads on the torque. It can be used in the regular cars for starter generators, in pure-electrical and hybrid-electrical vehicles for power drive, in independent power generating installations with high-speed of the gas turbine engine and so on.

In this paper we consider the questions of increasing the between-charge mileage (range) of electric vehicles and other vehicles with independent electrochemical power supplies. These are classified as hybrid vehicles, and can have various combinations of energy sources installed, such as: storage battery and electrical generator, driven by the engine, storage battery and solar panel, capacitor and electrical generator with engine, and others. The priorities for the development of the combined power supplies used now are considered and analyzed. On the basis of the power analysis of the combined power supply of the hybrid electro-mobile with a solar battery - of which the basic source of energy is the storage battery - the technique of defining the length of between-charge mileage of the vehicle is developed, depending on a combination of a set of parameters: both the components of the combined power supply, and the parameters of the electrical vehicle.

This paper describes the generator's principle of operation, experimental characteristics, and compares it with other types of generators. As a rule, motor vehicle generators operate under severe conditions, therefore mandating brushless operation as a design requirement. Brushless generators, designed on the basis of synchronous machines with stator independent excitation, have high specific power parameters. In generating mode, the synchronous machine with stator excitation possesses certain features and advantages which are considered in the report. It is shown, that it is necessary to divide circuits of output windings and windings for excitation, which in turn allows simplification of the power circuits and the excitation converters. The output winding circuits can be executed for operation with a three-phase bridge rectifier. For feeding of the excitation circuits, use of half wave structures is proposed.

The urban trams with a low floor are more convenient for the passengers, and with a high floor - more cheaply and more technologically during manufacturing and operation. The combined advantages those and others in themselves are trams with average height of a floor, but for this purpose it is necessary to lower height of tram carriages, that is reached by application of electric motors with a small stator external diameter. It is offered in this the perspective electric drive on the base of the synchronous motor with independent excitation. The salient rotor poles of the motor do not contain windings. The motors stator is carried out on the base of the stator body of regular AC electric motor. The multiphase winding is located in the stator. A winding section, which conductors settle down above the between rotor poles, carry out a role of the excitation winding, and others, which conductors lay above poles, - a role of the armature winding.

The electric drive with the synchronous electrical machine of independent excitation differs by high specific parameters, adaptability to manufacture, simplicity of a design, and reliability. These properties of the electric drive allow using it in heavy conditions of operation. In particular, it can be recommended to use in electrical vehicles. The electric motor for this electric drive can be executed with two separate stator windings. Therefore, there are additional benefits connected to an opportunity of change of geometry of an iron stator stamp of the given type motor. In this report, the principle of operation of the electric drive with control system is considered. The different variants of a stator design of the electrical machine are discussed. The stator design allows improve of the mass and weight parameters of the electric machine. For the offered stator designs, the comparison of specific parameters (relationship of the nominal torque to load current) is carried out.

It has become more urgent to use alternative fuels in diesels with growth of the world prices on petroleum and reduction of petroleum stocks. It is also important the reduction of emissions of carbonic gas concerning to group of “greenhouse gases”. Therefore, the vegetable raw material fuels represent the interest to use in a diesel. One of the most perspective alternative bio-fuels is the colza-oil. A number of problems are arising at work of diesel on the colza oil. The problems are eliminated by using mixes of colza-oil with diesel fuel. However, these mixes have increased density, viscosity, and superficial tension in comparison with standard diesel fuel. It results in deterioration of the fuel spray and mix-creation. It is offered the design of an injector, ensuring improvement of fuel spray and mix-creation in a highspeed diesel engine working on mixes of diesel fuel with colza oil. The researches of the offered injectors are carried out at a four cylinder diesel engine.

The electrical power consumption in automobiles continues to increase thereby demanding higher power capability of the alternator. The standard alternator today is a claw-pole synchronous machine. The claw-pole alternators have brushes which are maintenance issue; it is not possible to increase power output by increasing the stack length; and the rotor inertia is large due to the steel core and rotor excitation coil. Despite these disadvantages, the claw-pole alternator is still used because of its low cost and ease of manufacturing. An alternator with DC stator excitation, has a laminated salient pole rotor with no excitation coil. Therefore the weight and inertia is less than in the claw-pole alternator. The excitation coil is located in the stator and therefore there are no brushes needed. In this type of alternator, the stator has three-phase output coils evenly shifted in space 120 degrees.

The operation of electric vehicles in urban conditions, especially in limited spaces, frequently imposes increased requirements on maneuverability. For electric vehicles operating on roads up to 30-40 km/hour, one of the most practical methods of increasing maneuverability is the use of completely independent drawing mono-blocks. These blocks are self-contained units each consisting of a draw wheel, electric motor, power supply, storage battery, and an electronic power converter. The blocks allow the vehicle to rotate 360 degrees around center axis, turn at any radius, and move in any direction, including straight to the left and to the right. The authors have developed and patented an increased maneuverability electro-cycle vehicle which consists of two mechanically connected block modules. In addition to increased maneuverability, such a design also increases reliability-failure of one block module does not prevent vehicle operation.

This generator is a new simplified design version of an alternator with DC stator excitation that was published by the authors in the SAE 2003 and SAE 2004 World Congresses. [7, 8] In automotive applications, this type of electrical machine may be useful for regular cars, hybrid and fuel cell electrical vehicles with an electrical power source system of 12 VDC, 24, and higher. Brushless car alternators with DC stator excitation have less rotor inertia because the excitation windings are located in the stator. Smaller rotor inertia eliminates drive belt slippage. This generator is more reliable in view of the absence of contact rings and graphite brushes in a rotor circuit, which exist in a standard claw-pole alternator [9]. The laminated salient pole rotor of the alternator is very simple in construction and has low cost of production. The two-phase alternator is simpler than the three-phase, as it has only two output windings instead of three.

The design of the electronic fuel feed control system on the D-160 tractor diesel as well as its features and the prinicples of operation are presented in the paper. The preliminary bench and field tests on the T-170 tractor, the system passed, revealed its advantages.

The influence of the operation discrete nature upon the dynamic and static properties of the diesel are considered. The dynamic model of the diesel taking into account four operation cycles was used for investigation. In constructing the diesel dynamic model the method of Gonchar [1] based on the energy and mass balance equations as well as on that of the operating body state was applied. The process of fuel combustion was calculated by Vibe's method [2]. The model of the one-cylinder diesel with the ideal electronic rotation frequency controller was used to demonstrate the influence of the discrete nature of the diesel operation upon the dynamic characteristics of the rotation frequency controllers. The diagram of the point-by-point transformations was constructed on the phase plane.

The relay control is known to permit the design of the control systems invariant with respect to outer disturbances. The features of the offered method include the relay control for each state variable and the changing value of the output signal of the relay element. To improve the electronic controller of the diesel rotation frequency a number of variants for developing the scheme structure of controlling the fuel feed in the diesel with high pressure pump are considered on the basis of digital model. In introducing feedbacks of all state variables the structures realized by means of analog (proportional) and ralay controllers were compared.

The reliability, efficiency and ecological parameters of diesels are mainly determined by their operational perfomance in unstable conditions when the air supply to cylinders lags as compared to the fuel supply. Hereat, the excess air coefficient decreases, which results in decreasing the fuel consumption efficiency as well as the exhaust gas smoke. The aforesaidnecessitates the adjustment of the fuel feed depending upon the amount of the air supplied into cylinders. The modelling of the diesel controller system for the rotation frequency regarding the adjustment of the fuel feed depending upon the supercharging pressure is considered. The mathematical model of the diesel is based on calculating the gas - dynamic processes in each cycle of the cylinder operation, which makes it possibleto take into account the nonlinear characteristics of the diesel in different operational conditions as well as the discreteness of the fuel injection.

The actuator is the essential part of the automatic control system of the diesel crankshaft rotation frequency. The actuator on base of the linear electromagnet is considered. The purpose of this paper is to determine the conditions of receiving minimum of the weight and to optimize the parameters of the actuator. The exact calculation of the leakage of the magnetic flux and the parameters of magnetic circuit allows to find the characterisctics of the actuator precisely. In order to investigate the magnetic field in the axi-simmetric and planar complex shaped bodies such a stator and rotor of the electrical machines we have to solve Maxwell equations in these bodies. In this paper we use the Finite element method to calculate the magnetic field because it makes possible to avoid the dificulties connected with the complex shape of the system. The results of this paper allows to choose the material, configuration and parameters of the actuator optimally.