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CNG has proven to be a concrete alternative to gasoline and diesel fuel for sustained mobility. Due to stringent emission norms and sanctions being imposed on diesel fuel vehicles, OEMs have shifted their attention towards natural gas as an efficient and green fuel. Newly implemented BS VI emission norms in India have stressed on the reduction of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) from the exhaust by almost 85% as compared to BS IV emission norms. Also, Indian Automotive market is fuel economy cautious. This challenges to focus on improving fuel economy but without increase in NOx emissions. Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) has the potential to reduce the NOx emissions by decreasing the in-cylinder temperature. The objective of the paper is to model a CNG TCIC engine using 1D simulation in order to optimize the NOx emissions and maintain exhaust temperatures under failsafe limits.

The sheet metal forming is conventionally studied using circular grid analysis. The recent developments in image processing techniques have made more accurate prediction of forming strains possible. Optical strain analysis is difficult for shop floor quality because of the higher cost of the system. Besides, the optical strain analyzer demands certain illumination requirements. Hence, conventional circular grid analysis is preferred for formability inspection at shop floor level. This paper focuses in benchmarking the circular grid analysis technique against the optical strain analysis for an automotive component. In the current work, the results of finite element analysis of a stamping process are initially validated with more accurate optical strain analysis. Later, the validation is done separately with circular grid analysis and the results of circular grid analysis are compared against that of optical strain analysis.

Buses have been main means of mass transport in organized as well as unorganized sectors in India. Though the art and science of Chassis Designing had been practiced and matured by all Indian OEMs, Body design had long not been accorded high priority by them. Till 1989, there was no comprehensive set of rules enforced. Bus designs were developed with scant regard for safety and emission. OEMs sold their products in the form of drive away chassis and the Body Design & Body Building was largely left to Body Builders, many of whom employed poor design, build and quality control practices. Spurious materials, parts, non-uniform construction resulted in number of accidents and many of them were fatal. Central Motor Vehicle Rules (CMVR) kicked-in 1st July 1989. With roll out of CMVR, various safety related features like entry/exit door, emergency exits, window frames, their locations, dimensions and designs were defined.

Oil strainer is used in engine oil sump, which prevents dirt, scale and other particle from clogging downstream orifice. In this paper, dynamic analysis was carried out using FEA tool. As a part of dynamic analysis, constrained modal analysis and frequency response (steady state dynamics) analysis was done. Frequency response analysis was done for different engine exciting frequency at different service load (vibration amplitude). Modal superposition method is used for doing frequency response analysis and load is applied as base excitation. The natural frequency from modal analysis and stress response from frequency response analysis is well correlated with test results. Based on achieved good correlation with test, several design modification could be carried out in CAE before finalizing the final design.

In heavy duty diesel engines, exhaust gas recirculation is often preferred choice to contain NOx emissions, in this a part of exhaust gas is tapped from exhaust manifold or later and recirculated to air intake pipe before intake manifold. Critical to such engines is the design of air intake pipe and intake manifold combination in view of proper exhaust gas mixing with intake air. The variation in exhaust gas mass fraction at each intake port should be as minimal as possible and this variation must be contained within +/− 10% band to have a minimal cylinder to cylinder variation of pollutants. Exhaust gas homogeneity for various intake configurations was studied using three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics for a 4 cylinder, 3.8 L, Diesel fuelled, common rail, turbocharged and intercooled heavy duty engine. Flow field was studied in the computational domain from the point before exhaust gas mixing till all the four intake ports.

Due to increasing pollution and climatic cries, newly implemented BS-VI emission norms in India have stressed the reduction of emission. For which many automobiles have been shifted to alternate fuels like CNG. Also, the Indian Automotive market is fuel economy cautious. This challenges to focus on improving fuel economy but without an increase in emissions. Crankcase blow-by gases can be an important source of particulate emission as well as other regulated and unregulated emissions. They can also contribute to the loss of lubricating oil and fouling of surface and engine components. Closed Crankcase Ventilation (CCV) or Open Crankcase Ventilation (OCV) is capable to reduce particulate emissions by removing the oil mist that is caused mainly due to blow-by in the combustion chamber. This paperwork is focused, to measure the effectiveness of the CCV and OCV systems on the engine-out emissions, primarily on the particulate emissions.

Tippers used for transporting blue metal, construction and mining material is designed with different types of load body to suit the material being carried, capacity and its application. These load bodies are constructed with high strength material to withstand forces under various operating conditions. Structural strength verification of load body using FEM is conducted, by modelling forces due to payload as a pressure function on the panels of the load body. The spatial variation of pressure is typically assumed. In discrete element method (DEM) granular payload material such as gravel, wet or dry sand, coal etc., can be modelled by accounting its flow and interaction with structure of load body for prediction of force/pressure distribution. In this paper, coupled FE-DEM is used for determining pressure distribution on loading surfaces of a tipper body structure of a heavy commercial vehicle during loading, unloading and transportation.