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With the development of world economy, the shortage in the supply of oil energy as well as the greenhouse effect have become a public concern around the world. The application of biodiesel on vehicle transportation has become the focus of development in many countries. Biodiesel, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), is made during the process of transesterification of the animal and vegetable oils. Compared with fossil diesel, biodiesel has some characteristics, such as organic acid, higher water saturation, and oxygen content. From the results of the literatures [1] to [5], it showed that biodiesel would cause the inflation of some plastic and flexible products and the corrosion of metal materials. Metal fuel tanks have the characteristics of high flammability, high impact resistance, and good workability and are often used in commercial vehicles. The corrosion of metal materials is a natural chemical change and it can be influenced by the environment.

Due to the increasing price of crude oil, biofuel as an alternative of fossil fuels is sought to be a global-wide solution to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas. In order to compare the influence on engine which meet euro IV emission standard by using pure fossil diesel, 2% and 5% biodiesel. A long-term operation with blended 2% and 5% biodiesel by standard engine test had been evaluated in this study. The results could be referred to the consideration of marketing promotion strategy as well as government policy in Taiwan. Both B2-B5 diesel fuel (2 and 5 vol% biodiesel) and diesel fuel were employed to the same engines for testing purpose to compare the influence. The engines were equipped with an electronically controlled common-rail fuel injection system. After 500 hours full load durability operation, the key components of the engines were analyzed and characterized by a series of inspections to identify the degree of decay and wear behavior.

Biodiesel, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), can be made from different types of animal and vegetable oils. Its characteristics are different from those of fossil diesel, such as oxygen content, higher cold filter plugging point, and so on. Compared with fossil diesel, biodiesel can be oxidized more easily. If the fuel is oxidized, there might be product to cause some problems, like blocking filters. Therefore, the information of the storage life of the fuel is very important to vehicle owners. Moreover, the storage condition of the fuels is related to the types of source materials, additives, local weather or quality control of biodiesel. This research had used D100 and B2 fuels as experiment samples. (Blending B100 made by two different companies and represented A and B.)

With the promotion of the laws about energy consumption of engines and the emission of pollutant in recent years, the technology of diesel engine is progressing. The use of High Pressure Common Rail, HPCR, is getting common. To protect the oil supply systems with high precision and smaller gaps, the fuel filters play a more important role. On the other hand, to reduce the use of fossil energy and the emission of greenhouse gas, every country is actively promoting the use of bio-fuel that can be regenerated. However, much research in the world all indicate that using biodiesel blend will cause problems to fuel filters, including lowering the emulsified water separation efficiency, shortening the usage life of fuel filters, and so on.