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Tensile and axial fatigue tests were conducted on shallow cryogenically treated EN19 medium carbon alloy steel to investigate its mechanical behavior. The test samples were conventionally heat treated then oil quenched at room temperature. Followed by the samples were kept for shallow cryogenic treatment to -80°C for 8 hours using liquid nitrogen. Then the samples were tempered in a muffle furnace to relieve the induced residual stresses. Tensile and axial fatigue test were carried out on both treated and non-treated samples to measure its tensile strength and fatigue behavior respectively. Microscopic examination also had done to compare the effect of shallow cryogenic treatment on its microstructure. The results exposed that there is an increase in the tensile strength and reduction in fatigue life of shallow cryogenically treated samples over base metal and improved wear resistance.

As a fusion welding process, Laser welding has proven to be the most promising method for joining of different materials whether it can be either a similar or dissimilar material category.

Laser welding process is a most effective and predominant method for joining of steel alloys when compared with other welding processes in practice due to their precise control of laser source across the bonding zone where it is crucial to control in other joining processes. In common the austenitic steels differ from ferritic based on two factors, thermal conductivity and expansion. Here, the selected Nd-YAG laser setup for joining of similar base material stainless steel 316 which is reinforced with and without stellite 6 powders. The experimental investigations (metallurgical survey and wear characteristics) were performed on all the samples. The powders were reinforced in the material directly by performing a drill across the bond line instead of a normal coating process which is in practice, later the powders were stuffed through the holes.