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The two-stage turbocharging technique is an effective way to improve performance and reduce emissions in diesel engines. In this paper, we consider a diesel engine equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve and two turbochargers in series. The low pressure turbine is of fixed geometry and the high pressure turbine is a variable geometry turbine (VGT). The control objective is to regulate air-to-fuel (AFR), EGR exhaust fraction and the power ratio of the two turbines by coordinated manipulation of the EGR and VGT actuators. Unlike engines with a single turbocharger, in two-staged turbocharged engines, regulation of the power ratio of the turbines is also needed in order to adequately define the equilibrium point of the engine airpath. First, a mean value engine model (MVEM) is proposed to physically describe the air path dynamics. With rich excitation of the controls in the MVEM, we identify several linear models for different areas of the engine speed-torque envelope.

Energy recovery from IC engines has proved to be of considerable interest across the range of vehicle applications. The motivation is substantial fuel economy gain that can be achieved with a minimal affect on the “host” technology of the vehicle. This paper reviews the initial results of a research project whose objective has been to identify system concepts and control methods for thermal recovery techniques. A vapour power cycle is the means of energy transfer. The architecture of the system is considered along with support of the fuel economy claims with the results of some hybrid vehicle modelling. An overview of the latest experimental equipment and design of the heat exchanger is presented. The choice of control architecture and strategy, whose goal is overall efficiency of the engine system, is presented and discussed. Some initial control results are presented.