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World wide, energy policy makers are increasingly keen to move away from petroleum based fuels to more diverse and renewable sources of energy for reasons of environmental protection, energy security and continued economic development. A well-known example is Gas-To-Liquid (GTL) diesel fuel which is derived from natural gas and thus provides a diversification away from crude oil, which is the feedstock for 97% of the world transport fuels. Towards the same goal, Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME), from vegetable oils, recycled oils, or animal fat, are being used with increasing frequency as blends with diesel fuel, even at a concentration of 30% in some captive fleets (B30). In this paper, the impacts on engine pollutant emissions and performance are evaluated.