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The energy crisis and rising gas price in the 2000s led to a growing popularity of hybrid vehicles. Hyundai-Kia Motors has been challenging to develop the new efficient eco-technology since introducing the mild type compact hybrid electric vehicle for domestic fleet in 2004 to meet the needs of the increasing automotive-related environmental issues. Now Hyundai has recently debuted a full HEV for global market, Sonata Hybrid. This system is cost effective solution and developed with the main purpose of improving fuel consumption and providing fun to drive. Presenter Seok Joon Kim, Hyundai Motor Company

A new concept of an electromagnetic torque converter for hybrid electric vehicles is proposed. The electromagnetic torque converter, which is an electric system comprised of a set of double rotors and a stator, works as a high-efficiency transmission in the driving conditions of low gear ratio including a vehicle moving-off and as a starting device for an internal combustion engine. Moreover, it can be used for an electric vehicle driving as well as for a regenerative braking. In this concept, a high-efficiency drivetrain system for hybrid electric vehicles is constructed by replacing a fluid-type torque converter with the electromagnetic torque converter in the automatic transmission of a conventional vehicle. In this paper, we present the newly developed electromagnetic torque converter with a compact structure that enables mounting on a vehicle, and we evaluate its transmission efficiency by experiment.

An efficient approach to classify time series physical measurement data of shift control of automatic transmission for vehicles is presented. Comfortable acceleration is the essential factor of today’s vehicles. Shift control of automatic transmission of vehicles directly contributes to the comfortable acceleration. Since calibration of automatic transmission of vehicles is time consuming task for expert engineers, the development of autonomous calibration is desired to reduce product development period in today’s competitive automobile market. In the stage of product development, it is difficult to obtain a large amount of physical measurement data. Therefore, we need to develop machine learning method for limited amount of data. For this purpose, we develop the method to classify time series measurement data of shift control of automatic transmission of vehicles. We use support vector machine (SVM) as a machine learning technique.

An electronically controlled five-speed automatic transmission has been developed for use in new 2-liter models. This high-performance gearbox is the world's first five-speed automatic transmission for passenger car use to be equipped with a torque converter. It is designed with an ultra-wide range and close ratio gearing and incorporates a host of outstanding technologies to provide excellent performance and driveability. This paper describes the major features and performance of this new automatic transmission and some of the studies undertaken concerning multiplication of gear steps.

Toyota Motor Corporation has developed a new six-speed automatic transmission AB60E for longitudinal front engine rear wheel drive (RWD) vehicles. This transmission development was aimed at an improvement of power performance and fuel economy, while achieving a lightweight, compact package and a high torque capacity. In order to achieve this target, a high-capacity ultra-flat torque converter, a highly-rigid transmission case, and an ATF warmer with a valve to switch ATF circuits to an air-cooled ATF cooler have been newly developed. Moreover, a new transmission mode control logic “TOW / HAUL” has been developed to improve power performance and driveability during trailer towing. This automatic transmission has adopted the same gear train and hydraulic control system as the conventional six-speed automatic transmission A760E. This paper describes the structure, major features and performance of the transmission in detail.

TOYOTA has developed the world's first eight-speed automatic transmission (AA80E) for front-engine, rear-drive passenger cars. The AA80E developed for high-torque engines raises the level of power performance and fuel efficiency. To meet the size requirements needed for mounting in a passenger car application, an 8-speed geartrain, torque converter, transmission case and hydraulic control device were all newly-developed. Furthermore, the AA80E has benefited from technical developments to achieve an extremely high level of quietness and shifting performance. In this paper, the details of the AA80E are introduced.

Toyota has developed the world's first 8-speed automatic transmission (AA80E) for RWD automobiles. The transmission will first be used in the all-new Lexus LS460. In addition, a novel control system has been developed to maximize the predictability, response, efficiency, and initial quality of the powertrain while utilizing the high number of gear steps.

Aisin AW Co., Ltd. was established in 1969 from Japanese and American investment as a new company specializing in automatic transmission (AT) manufacture. Aiming to reach and overtake the Western advanced technology while "pursuing the essence of the role of ATs within the whole vehicle system", it has since achieved its goal of becoming the world's No. 1 AT manufacturing company. In 1985, Aisin AW established a research and development lab for the development for new products other than ATs. Operating under the motto of creating a single, attractive basic design concept layout while "pursuing the essence of the role of the vehicle within society", this lab developed the world's first voice navigation system (VNS), an innovative, creative product born from our company's exclusive product concept. Aisin AW is now achieving the biggest share of the vehicle navigation system market in Japan

Toyota has developed a new sports shift control system introduced in the world's first eight-speed automatic transmission (AA80E), which is implemented in the “LS 460” and has been adopted in the “IS F” (upcoming 2008 model). This enables the IS F to be a vehicle that also permits the enjoyment of driving on circuits as well as achieving that “fun-to-drive” image. In sports driving, as achieved by the conventional torque converter-type automatic transmissions, shift response performance for shift operation and linearity performance for accelerator operations were challenges to tackle. On the contrary, the newly developed sports shift control system has resolved these challenges and enables the IS F to be capable of responding to a driver's intention quickly and accurately, letting the driver truly experience satisfaction.

As part of the International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee's (ILSAC) goal of developing a global automatic transmission fluid (ATF) specification, members have been evaluating test methods that are currently used by various automotive manufacturers for qualifying ATF for use in their respective transmissions. This report deals with comparing test methods used for determining torque capacity in friction systems (shifting clutches). Three test methods were compared, the Plate Friction Test from the General Motors DEXRON®-III Specification, the Friction Durability Test from the Ford MERCON® Specification, and the Japanese Automotive Manufacturers Association Friction Test - JASO Method 348-95. Eight different fluids were evaluated. Friction parameters used in the comparison were breakaway friction, dynamic friction torque at midpoint and the end of engagement, and the ratio of end torque to midpoint torque.

AISIN AW has developed a six-speed automatic transmission TF-60SN for front wheel drive (FWD) vehicles. This new TF-60SN has been developed based on the concepts of minimizing length and mass increase as compared with current five-speed automatic transmissions, and providing the world's first transverse FWD six-speed automatic transmission. This has been accomplished using a newly developed planetary gear set, and a new “squeezed” torque converter. In addition, the control system features a unique design that maintains outstanding compactness and achieves a high quality smooth shift feeling. This paper describes the construction, characteristics, and functions of this six-speed automatic transmission.

Lock-up operation of an automatic transmission is known as one good method of improving fuel economy. However, locking up the transmission at low vehicle speeds can often cause undesirable vibration or booming noise. Slip control of the lock-up clutch can resolve these problems, but the speed difference of the lock-up clutch needs to be controlled at a certain value. This control system has to overcome large changes in the parameters of the lock-up system at low vehicle speeds and also changes with regard to the speed ratio in a continuously variable transmission (CVT). In this study, this complex non-linear system has been modeled as a first-order linear parameter varying (LPV) system. A robust control algorithm was applied taking various disturbances into account to design a new slip lock-up control system.

AISIN AW has developed a five-speed automatic transmission “55-50SN” for front wheel drive (FWD) vehicles. This new 55-50SN has been developed with a concept to minimize length and mass increase compared with the current four-speed automatic transmission, and is one of the most compact five-speed automatic transmissions in the world. This has been accomplished by newly developed planetary gear sets, a new differential, and a new squeezed torque converter. In addition, the control system is made by a unique design to maintain the excellent compactness and to achieve a high quality smooth shift feeling. This paper describes the construction, characteristic, and function of this five-speed automatic transmission.

It was found that pitting resistance of gears is strongly influenced by resistance to temper softening of carburized steel. The investigation about the influence of chemical compositions on hardness after tempering revealed that silicon, chromium and molybdenum are effective elements to improve resistance to temper softening and pitting resistance. Considering the production of gears, molybdenum is unfavorable because it increases hardness of normalized or annealed condition. Developed new steel contains about 0.5 mass% of silicon and 2.7 mass% chromium. The new steel has excellent pitting resistance and wear resistance. Fatigue and impact strength are equivalent to conventional carburized steels. Cold-formability and machinability of the new steel are adequate for manufacturing gears because of its ordinary hardness before carburizing. The new steel has already been put to practical use in automatic transmission gears. Application test results are also reported.

The International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee (ILSAC) ATF subcommittee members have compared the two oxidation bench test methods, Aluminum Beaker Oxidation Test (ABOT) and Indiana Stirring Oxidation Stability Test (ISOT), using a number of factory-fill and service-fill ATFs obtained in Japan and in the US. In many cases, the ATFs were more severely oxidized after the ABOT procedure than after the same duration of the ISOT procedure. The relative severity of these two tests was influenced by the composition of the ATFs. The bench test oxidation data were compared with the transmission and the vehicle oxidation test data.

Recently, 5-speed automatic transmissions have become mainstream through the world, and 6-speed automatic transmissions have also been introduced in the market. Consequently, the issue of shift control is gaining importance, and a trend toward increasing number of gears in automatic transmissions has become apparent. On the other hand, weight saving and downsizing of the transmission, including the hydraulic control unit, are strongly required in order to promote fuel efficiency. To meet these requirements, an electro-hydraulic control unit offering sophisticated functionality desired in order to provide excellent shift quality. As an answer to these requirements AISIN AW developed two types of new 6-speed automatic transmissions in 2002: “TR-60SN” for RWD vehicles and “TF-60SN” for FWD vehicles. Both TR-60SN and TF-60SN have the same structural characteristics.

The JR507E type 5-speed automatic transmission (AT) which was installed in the new model Nissan CIMA was released at the beginning of the 21st century. Without being bound with the conditions of the conventional 4-speed AT, the transmission components were structurally improved after reviewing analyses targeting the performance that meets the market demands. The JR507E was successfully developed as appropriate for the next generation AT with regard to “environmental concerns” and the users performance needs. This paper describes the characteristics of the JR507E type 5-speed AT

A compact and high-performance five-speed automatic transmission(A350E) has been developed for passenger cars. The development of this transmission has been aimed at improvement in acceleration performance in the low and medium speed range and at smooth acceleration. A five-speed automatic transmission with a simple gear train has been completed by means of the industry's first modern control theory aided shifting technique.

Electronic control of automatic transmission systems have become indispensable in order to satisfy driver expectations of comfort and vehicle response. The increasing complexity of such systems has resulted in a huge increase of control data volumes handled by electronic transmission control units (ETCUs). This paper describes the development, operation and evaluation by JATCO Corporation and Nissan Motor Co., Ltd of a Read Only Memory (ROM) management system for use with ETCUs. The system makes extensive use of computer aided design(CAD) techniques to create ROM data from standard format drawings, and vice-versa. The paper also presents the evaluation system developed for ETCU use. Making use of computer simulated testing, this increases the reliability of units and reduces testing time.

Toyota Motor Corporation has developed a new series of engines under the Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA) design philosophy, which aims to satisfy customer requirements for both fun-to-drive dynamic performance and better fuel economy by adopting a high-speed combustion concept to improve thermal efficiency and specific power. This new engine series achieves a maximum engine thermal efficiency of 40%, a specific power ratio of 60 kW/l, and lower emissions by combining high-speed combustion and a high compression ratio with a high-tumble intake port, high-energy ignition coil, high-pressure multi-hole nozzle direct injector, and new electrical variable valve timing (VVT). The first engine in this series is a new 4-cylinder 2.5-liter gasoline naturally aspirated engine for use in passenger cars alongside a new TNGA 8-speed automatic transmission, which was introduced for minivans and SUVs in the U.S. market in 2016.