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The present numerical analysis aims at studying the effect of changes in profile of truck-trailer on aerodynamic drag and its adverse effect on fuel consumption. The numerical analysis is carried out using commercial CFD software, ANSYS Fluent, with k-ω Shear tress transportation (SST) turbulence model. In present study four models of truck were analysed, including baseline model at different Reynolds numbers, namely 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 million. In order to enhance fuel consumption, various profile modifications have been adapted on baseline truck-trailer model by adding a spoiler and bottom diffuser at the rear of the truck, by providing vortex generator at the rear top of the truck and by adding boat tail at the end of trailer. The comparison has been done with respect to coefficient of drag, coefficient of pressure, pressure contours, and velocity vectors between all four cases.

The maximum power produced by the Engine is utilized in overcoming the Aerodynamic resistance while the remaining has been used to overcome rolling and climbing resistance. Increasing emission and performance demands paves way for advanced technologies to improve fuel efficiency. One such way of increasing the fuel efficiency is to reduce the aerodynamic drag of the vehicle. Buses emerged as the common choice of transport for people in India. By improving the aerodynamic drag of the Buses, the diesel consumption of a vehicle can be reduced by nearly about 10% without any upgradation of the existing engine. Though 60 to 70 % of pressure loads act on the frontal surface area of the buses, the most common techniques of reducing the drag in buses includes streamlining of the surfaces, minimizing underbody losses, reduced frontal area, pressure difference between the front & rear area and minimizing of flow separation & wake regions.

During flight an emergent circulatory flow pattern named vortex is observed at wing tips producing induced drag. An approach to reduce this effect is by implementing winglets. Winglets are small wing-like lifting surfaces, fitted at the tip of some wings, usually with the objective of decreasing trailing vortex drag and thereby increasing the aerodynamic efficiency of the wing. The aim of the project is to design and analyze the effect of winglets for Cessna 152 by varying the cant angle and sweep angle. This model has been selected since it provides a good choice for Pilots first airplane. A baseline wing model was designed in CATIA V5, correspondingly wings with winglet models were designed with a fixed taper ratio of 0.2 and different cant and sweep angles. The lift to drag ratio is evaluated at different angles of attack by varying winglet design parameters.

The present numerical analysis aims at studying the effect of changes in profile of van on aero-acoustic noise and aerodynamic drag. The numerical analysis is carried out using commercial CFD software, ANSYS Fluent, with k-epsilon & Large Eddy Simulation turbulence models. In present study five models of truck are analysed, including baseline model at different Reynolds numbers, namely 0.391, 0.415 and 0.457 million. In order to reduce the aero-acoustic noise, various profile modifications have been adapted on existing van model by adding a top and bottom diffuser at the rear of the truck. The comparison has been done with respect to coefficient of drag, coefficient of pressure, pressure contours for all four cases.