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AVSC Information Report for Change Risk Management AVSC00010202304 provides a process for change risk management for fleet-operated ADS-DVs using level 4 or 5 automation. The document addresses risks resulting from planned and unplanned changes in an ADS-DV design and/or operation. This information report is based on the concept of risk-informed decision-making. Making risk management decisions such as safety and change management, safety analysis, and safety assurance are especially applicable when moving from concept to production intent for the ADS-DV. Change Risk Management (CRM) does not replace best practices or other methods for managing safety anomalies or change management processes. It may instead be viewed as an additional resource that elaborates on how safety anomaly management and change management can be performed.

AVSC Best Practice for Interactions Between ADS-DVs and Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) AVSC00009202208 establishes common terminology and a baseline understanding of the challenges posed, and framework to evaluate automated driving system-dedicated vehicle (ADS-DV) interactions with VRUs. This best practice can facilitate communication among the industry and public, help calibrate expectations of all traffic participants, and improve broader acceptance of SAE level 4 and level 5 ADS-equipped vehicles.

This AVSC Information Report for Adapting a Safety Management System (SMS) for Automated Driving System (ADS) SAE Level 4 and 5 Testing and Evaluation (AVSC000007202107) shares information on a Safety Management System (SMS) framework in the context of ADS testing and evaluation operations. This report was developed to provide ADS organizations information about the role of organizational safety, which may be considered in the ADS testing and evaluation process. The SMS framework represents a method used in non-automotive industries (e.g., aviation, rail, nuclear) with the goal of enhancing an organization’s operational safety performance. A Safety Management System (SMS) is one approach designed to support organizational safety in a systematic and integrated way. The SMS framework is intended to promote a positive safety culture, assess and manage safety risk, evaluate risk control effectiveness, and support organizational safety policies and objectives.

This AVSC Best Practice for Metrics and Methods for Assessing Safety Performance of Automated Driving Systems (ADS) (AVSC00006202103) recommends a set of metrics that may be used to assess ADS safety performance of the dynamic driving task (DDT). These metrics and methods are principally designed to provide evidence of safety performance for a manufacturer’s decision to deploy (and monitor) fleet-operated/managed SAE level 4 and 5 ADS-dedicated vehicles (ride-hailing or product delivery). This document lays out a performance-based, technology-neutral approach for measuring and analyzing safety performance. It supports long-term, socially-important safety goals (like reducing crashes). ADS safety performance metrics in this document support system-level analyses, i.e. they are practical to implement for any system regardless of architecture.

Driving safely is a complex task. It involves a broad range of skills invoked in a vast number of potential scenarios. Assessing a set of behavioral competencies offers a valuable directional indication of automated driving system-dedicated vehicle (ADS-DV) safety performance. Behavioral competencies provide a starting point for additional assessment and contribute to a manufacturer’s case for safety. This best practice provides an approach to specify testable ADS behavior by: Clarifying a lexicon surrounding ADS behaviors Enumerating an elemental set of behaviors Demonstrating how to derive metrics to evaluate behavioral competence To evaluate as many dynamic driving task (DDT) subtasks as possible, ADS developers decompose the DDT into a generalized set of behaviors. Subsequently, developers use system engineering techniques to ensure that this decomposition maps to an elemental set of behavioral competencies.

This AVSC best practice was first published in 2020 and has been revised to cast expanded role definitions, rearrangement of use cases in Section 4 based on severity of risk, re-creation of Table 4 in 5.4 as a checklist and moved to Appendix B, as well as clarification of sections, examples, and terms throughout the document. This document outlines interactions between first responders and ADS-DVs (SAE level 4 and level 5). It builds on earlier work done by the Crash Avoidance Metrics Partners (CAMP), detailing three types of interactions first responders may encounter: direct, indirect, and informational. In addition, a standardized framework with recommendations for an interaction plan is laid out for ADS developers, manufacturers, and fleet operators which may assist first responders in both emergency and non-emergency situations involving ADS-DVs.

Automated driving system (ADS) manufacturers, developers, and operators need to provide clear information on their safety approach to relevant stakeholders. Explainability to diverse audiences helps build trust in statements from these organizations towards the shared value of safety. A defined list of core safety topics can help set expectations when communicating deployment and use-case-specific automated vehicle (AV) safety information. The topics listed in this best practice are implementation-agnostic and broadly applicable. This best practice describes how safety is continuous and connected throughout lifecycle stages and highlights considerations when including safety metrics as part of the communicated information. It lists topics that are considered core, provides a rationale, illustrative examples where applicable, suggestions of content that could be included for the example, and lists references and industry examples for further information.