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This document summarizes published measurement data and reference values for marker chemical compounds listed in ARP4418 (see 2.1.1) potentially found in aircraft engine bleed air.

A subcommittee within SAE ISTC Division 35 has written this report to provide automotive engineers and designers a basic understanding of the design considerations and high temperature material availability for exhaust manifold use. It is hoped that it will constitute a concise reference of the important characteristics of selected cast and wrought ferrous materials available for this application, as well as methods employed for manufacturing. The different types of manifolds used in current engine designs are discussed, along with their range of applicability. Finally, a general description of mechanical, chemical, and thermophysical properties of commonly-used alloys is provided, along with discussions on the importance of such properties.

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use in testing and evaluating the performance of Light Duty automotive electric engine cooling fans. These Electric Cooling Fan (ECF) Assemblies are purchased by Light Duty Truck and Passenger Car OEM’s from suppliers. They are purchased as complete assemblies, consisting of the fan(s), motor(s), and shroud (see Figure 1); this Recommended Practice will only consider such complete assemblies. Some purchased assemblies using brush-type motors may also include control devices such as power resistors or pulse width modulation (PWM) electronics for speed control. In the case of brushless motor technology, the controller is an integral part of the motor where it also performs the commutation process electronically. The performance measurement would include fan output in terms of airflow and pressure, and fan input electric power in terms of voltage and current.

This SAE recommended practice is intended for use in testing and evaluating the performance of light-duty automotive electric engine cooling fan assemblies. These Electric Cooling Fan (ECF) assemblies are purchased by light-duty truck and passenger car OEMs from suppliers. They are purchased as complete assemblies, consisting mainly of the fan(s), motor(s), and shroud (see Figure 1); this Recommended Practice will only consider such complete assemblies. Some purchased assemblies using brush-type motors may also include digital control devices such as power resistors or pulse width modulation (PWM) electronics or local interconnect network (LIN) for speed control. In the case of brushless motor technology, the controller is an integral part of the motor where it also performs the commutation process electronically. The performance measurement would include fan output in terms of airflow and pressure, and fan input electric power in terms of voltage and current.

This procedure incorporates test cycles that produce relative fuel economy data relating to long haul, short haul, and. local driving patterns, or any combination of these and to those components developed to improve fuel economy for these patterns. The tests conducted on a specific vehicle are to reflect that vehicle’s general mode of operation. The procedure is intended to be used under controlled, warmed-up conditions on a test tract or on suitable roads. A minimum of two vehicles running simultaneously is required. Test condition recommendations are provided for undertaking this engineering test. If it is necessary to conduct a test outside of these test conditions, the purpose of the test and the variant conditions should be recorded and noted whenever the results are reported.

The document provides clarity related to multiple temperature coolant circuits used in on- and off-highway, gasoline, and light- to heavy-duty diesel engine cooling systems. Out of scope are the terms and definitions of thermal flow control valves used in either low- or high-temperature coolant circuits. This subject is covered in SAE J3142.

This document provides an overview on how and why EGR coolers are utilized, defines commonly used nomenclature, discusses design issues and trade-offs, and identifies common failure modes. The reintroduction of exhaust gas into the combustion chamber is just one component of the emission control strategy for internal combustion (IC) engines, both diesel and gasoline, and is useful in reducing exhaust port emission of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx). Other means of reducing NOx exhaust port emissions are briefly mentioned, but beyond the scope of this document.

This document provides an overview on how and why EGR coolers are utilized, defines commonly used nomenclature, discusses design issues and trade-offs, and identifies common failure modes. The reintroduction of selectively cooled exhaust gas into the combustion chamber is just one component of the emission control strategy for internal combustion (IC) engines, both diesel and gasoline, and is useful in reducing exhaust port emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Other means of reducing NOx exhaust port emissions are briefly mentioned, but beyond the scope of this document.

This document provides an overview on how and why EGR coolers are utilized, defines commonly used nomenclature, discusses design issues and trade-offs, and identifies common failure modes. The reintroduction of exhaust gas into the combustion chamber is just one component of the emission control strategy for internal combustion (IC) engines, both diesel and gasoline, and is useful in reducing exhaust port emission of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx). Other means of reducing NOx exhaust port emissions are briefly mentioned, but beyond the scope of this document.

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use as a test procedure to determine the gaseous emission levels of diesel engines. Its purpose is to provide a map of an engine's emissions characteristics which, through use of the proper weighting factors, can be used as a measure of that engine's emission levels under various applications. The emission results for hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are expressed in units of grams per kilowatt hour (grams/brake horsepower hour) and represent the mass rate of emissions per unit of work accomplished. The emissions are measured in accordance with SAE Recommended Practices J177, J215, and J244 using nondispersive infrared equipment for CO and CO2, a heated flame ionization analyzer for HC, and a high performance NDIR or a chemiluminescence analyzer for NOx. All emissions are measured during steady-state engine operation.

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use as a test procedure to determine the gaseous emission level of diesel engines. Its purpose is to provide a map of an engine's emissions characteristics which, through use of the proper weighing factors, can be used as a measure of that engine's emission levels under various applications. The emission results for hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are expressed in units of grams per kilowatt hour (grams/brake horsepower hour) and represent the mass rate of emissions per unit of work accomplished. The emissions are measured in accordance with SAE Recommended Practices J177, J215, and J244 using nondispersive infrared equipment for CO and CO2, a heated flame ionization analyzer for HC, and a high performance NDIR or a chemiluminescence analyzer for NO{sub}x. All emissions are measured during steady-state engine operation.

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use as a test procedure to determine the gaseous emission levels of diesel engines. Its purpose is to provide a map of an engine's emissions characteristics which, through use of the proper weighting factors, can be used as a measure of that engine's emission levels under various applications. The emission results for hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are expressed in units of grams per kilowatt hour (grams/brake horsepower hour) and represent the mass rate of emissions per unit of work accomplished. The emissions are measured in accordance with SAE Recommended Practices J177, J215, and J244 using nondispersive infrared equipment for CO and CO2, a heated flame ionization analyzer for HC, and a high performance NDIR or a chemiluminescence analyzer for NOx. All emissions are measured during steady-state engine operation.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes a procedure for measuring the hydrocarbon emissions occurring during the refueling of passenger cars and light trucks. It can be used as a method for investigating the effects of temperatures, fuel characteristics, etc., on refueling emissions in the laboratory. It also can be used to determine the effectiveness of evaporative emissions control systems to control refueling emissions. For this latter use, standard temperatures, fuel volatility, and fuel quantities are specified.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes a procedure for measuring the hydrocarbon emissions occurring during the refueling of passenger cars and light trucks. It can be used as a method for investigating the effects of temperatures, fuel characteristics, etc., on refueling emissions in the laboratory. It also can be used to determine the effectiveness of evaporative emissions control systems to control refueling emissions. For this latter use, standard temperatures, fuel volatility, and fuel quantities are specified.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes a procedure for measuring the hydrocarbon emissions occurring during the refueling of passenger cars and light trucks. It can be used as a method for investigating the effects of temperatures, fuel characteristics, etc., on refueling emissions in the laboratory. It also can be used for determining the reduction in emissions achieved with emission control hardware. For this latter use, standard temperatures, fuel volatility, and fuel quantities are specified.