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Competing linear, quasi-linear and non-linear hydraulic mount formulations of fixed and free decoupler types are comparatively evaluated for transient responses. First, features of the realistic excitation conditions are addressed. For instance, the mean load itself may vary with time, and several sinusoidal or transient excitations may be simultaneously present. Second, a multi-staged top chamber compliance model is proposed to capture asymmetric transient responses given step-up (-down) excitations. Third, implicit excitations introduced by the decoupler switching mechanism are identified at the odd harmonics of the explicit excitation frequency. Fourth, discontinuous model of bottom chamber compliance is proposed depending on the operating point(s) and/or dynamic loading. Some of the discrepancies observed between prior models and measurements can be explained using new models.

This paper comparatively evaluates measurement-based quasi-linear and true non-linear (mechanical and fluid type) models of hydraulic engine mounts and examines their dynamic effects within the context of a simplified half-vehicle system. A non-linear approximate model is also developed to provide improved insight into the decoupling effects. The proposed model is validated by comparing predictions with those from a “true” non-linear fluid model. When embedded into the vehicle system, hydraulic mount efficiently provides high amplitude-sensitive damping and tunes the engine bounce mode. Proposed model concepts could be effectively utilized to examine linear and non-linear vehicle responses in both time and frequency domains.

New procedures are proposed to estimate the amplitude-sensitive parameters of hydraulic engine mounts that typically exhibit many nonlinearities. The estimation is based on the premise that the analyst has access to limited dynamic stiffness test data (say up to 50 Hz), and the detailed laboratory work required for the nonlinear model development would be minimized. By using an analogous mechanical model, a 3rd/2nd type transfer function is suggested to curve-fit the empirical dynamic stiffness data. Key parameters (such as the inertia-augmented fluid damping and decoupler gap length) are approximated and the effects of some system nonlinearities (such as the vacuum-induced asymmetric chamber compliance) are quantified, leading to a quasi-linear model. For the sake of illustration, transient predictions for a free decoupler mount are made; simulations match well with measurements. Main simplifications and limitations of the method are briefly discussed.

With the emphasis of electrification in automotive industry, tremendous efforts are made to develop electric motors with high efficiency and power density, and reduce noise, vibration and harshness (NVH). A multiphysics simulation workflow is used to predict the eccentricity-induced noise for GM’s Bolt EV motor. Both static and dynamic eccentricities are investigated along with axial tilt. Analysis results show that these eccentricities play a critical role in the NVH behavior of the motor assembly. Transient electromagnetic (EM) analysis is performed first by extruding 2D stator and rotor sections to form 3D EM models. Sector model is duplicated to form full 360-degree model. Stator is split into three rotated sections to characterize stator skew, and the skew between two sections of rotor and magnets are also modelled. Sinusoidal current is applied and lumped-sum forces on each stator tooth are computed.