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This method of gaging alignment of nut slots allows equal variations for location of the cotter pin hole in the bolt and location of slots in the nut. To inspect the nut, the slotted gage is inserted through the nut hole from the bearing surface of the nut. Alignment of slots is considered satisfactory if the gage pin can be slipped into the gage and nut slots without interference.

Round head bolts are made in two body styles: (a) A full size body, with a maximum diameter somewhat greater than the nominal diameter (not an SAE Standard except for ribbed neck bolts, Table 3); and (b) an undersize body, with a minimum diameter approximating the pitch diameter of the thread and a maximum diameter never exceeding nominal (SAE standard for all types except ribbed neck bolts). The body diameter of either style may be exceeded by a reasonable swelling or fin under the head, or under corners of the square necks, to the extent that serviceability is not affected.

FutureSteelVehicle's (FSV) objective is to develop detailed design concepts for a radically different steel body structure for a compact Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV). It also will identify structure changes to accommodate larger Plug-In Hybrid (PHEV) and Fuel Cell (FCEV) vehicle variants. The presentation will demonstrate seven optimized structural sub-systems that contribute to the program's 35 percent mass reduction goals and meet its safety and life cycle emissions targets. It will explain the advanced design optimization process used and the resulting aggressive steel concepts. Presenter Jody R. Shaw, US Steel

Trans Tech recently debuted the all-electric eTrans school bus providing a total zero emission school bus. The presentation will demonstrate Smith Electric Vehicles and their history with electric vehicles. The presentation will help ensure that everybody has an idea of what the electric school bus will do and to dispel any rumors about the vehicle. Presenter Brian S. Barrington, Trans Tech. Bus

The use of Engine Health Management (EHM) systems has been growing steadily in both the civilian and the military aerospace sectors. Barring a few notable exceptions (such as certain temperature and thrust margin monitoring) regulatory authorities around the world have not required these systems to be certified in any way. This is changing rapidly. New airframes and engines are increasingly being designed with the assumption that EHM will be an integral part of the way customers will operate these assets. This leads to a need for better guidelines on how such systems should be certified. The SAE E-32 committee on Propulsion System Health Monitoring is leading an industry-wide effort to develop a set of guidelines for certifying EHM systems.

Micro-pitting is a fatigue effect that occurs in geared transmission systems due to high contact stress, and monitoring its progression is vital to prevent the eventual failure of the tooth flank. Parameter signature analysis has been successfully used to monitor bending fatigue failure and advanced phases of gear surface fatigue failure such as macro-pitting and scuffing. However, due to modern improvements in steel production the main cause of gear contact fatigue failure can be attributed to surface micro-pitting rather than sub-surface phenomena. Responding to the consequent demand to detect and monitor the progression of micro-pitting, this study experimentally evaluated the development of micro-pitting in spur gears using vibration and oil debris analysis. The paper presents the development of an online health monitoring system for use with back-to-back gear test rigs.

In Aeronautic industry, when we launch a new industrialization for an aircraft sub assembly we always have the same questions in mind for drilling operations, especially when focusing on lean manufacturing. How can we avoid dismantling and deburring parts after drilling operation? Can a drilling centre perform all the tasks needed to deliver a hole ready to install final fastener? How can we decrease down-time of the drilling centre? Can a drilling centre be integrated in a pulse assembly line? How can we improve environmental efficiency of a drilling centre? It is based on these main drivers that AIRBUS has developed, with SPIE and SOS, a new generation of drilling centre dedicated for hard materials such as titanium, and high thicknesses. The first application was for the assembly of the primary structure of A350 engine pylons. The main solution that was implemented meeting several objectives was the development of orbital drilling technology in hard metal stacks.

TERBAN® hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) is a specialty elastomer used in demanding engineering applications such as the automotive, heavy duty, and industrial markets. It has excellent combination of heat, oil and abrasion resistance in addition to its high mechanical strength, very good dynamic and sealing properties. This paper will present data on aging HNBR for five thousand hours in an aggressive and un-stabilized B30A biodiesel fuel blend (70% ULSD, 30% SME, and an aggressive additive package) and explore the effect of HNBR polymer properties and vulcanizate composition on the performance in such fuel blends. Presenter Victor Nasreddine

Currently, two consolidated aftertreatment technologies are available for the reduction of NOx emissions from diesel engines: Urea SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) systems and LNT (Lean NOx Trap) systems. Urea SCR technology, which has been widely used for many years at stationary sources, is becoming nowadays an attractive alternative also for light-duty diesel applications. However, SCR systems are much more effective in NOx reduction efficiency at high load operating conditions than light load condition, characterized by lower exhaust gas temperatures.

The 31 papers in this technical paper collection cover topics such as steering system development, power steering systems, steer-by-wire systems, EPS, suspension systems, tires, and more.

The 19 papers in this technical paper collection cover vehicle brake system performance, vehicle brake noise, antilock braking control of electric vehicles, enhanced traction stability control systems, and more.

The 22 papers in this technical paper collection detail tire and wheel technology, tire rolling resistance, tire sidewall cooling, and features a series of papers relating to "aged tire durability". Also included are vehicle dynamics and simulation papers focusing on vehicle stability and control; vehicle sub-systems modeling and responses; advances in vehicle systems dynamics; vehicle motion simulations and analysis; and vehicle dynamics analysis.

The 33 papers in this technical paper collection discuss vehicle dynamics and simulation in the areas of vehicle rollover, tire forces/moments and vehicle stability, vehicle dynamics handling and control, advances in methods for vehicle systems design and control, and advances in vehicle dynamics measurements and validations.

The 30 papers in this technical paper collection focus on heavy tire modeling/testing and evaluation; vehicle dynamics; wide based tires, sustainability and maintenance; air suspension, off-road chassis and suspension; hybrid drive and chassis; all wheel/multi-wheel drive vehicle dynamics and performance; testing and experimental analysis of chassis and suspension; and advanced chassis control and rollover.

The 20 papers in this technical paper collection discuss vehicle dynamics stability and control. Topics covered include: rollover crashes involving passenger cars with and without electronic stability control (ESC) systems; yaw rate control systems; optimizing vehicle dynamics control systems in offset impacts; hardware in the loop simulation; reducing deceleration disturbances; and more.

The 23 papers in this technical paper collection discuss vehicle dynamics, stability and control. Topics covered include regenerative braking and anti-lock braking, power steering system parameters, roll simulator, sway stability, optimal torque vectoring, and more. The 22 papers in this technical paper collection discuss vehicle dynamics, stability and control. Topics covered include regenerative braking and anti-lock braking, power steering system parameters, roll simulator, sway stability, optimal torque vectoring, and more.

This technical paper collection is focused on vehicle dynamics and controls using modeling and simulation, and experimental analysis of passenger cars, heavy trucks, and wheeled military vehicles. The papers address active and passive safety systems to mitigate rollover, yaw instability and braking issues; driving simulators and hardware-in-the-loop systems; suspension kinematics and compliance, steering dynamics, advanced active suspension technologies; and tire force and moment mechanics.

The 37 papers in this technical paper collection focus on vehicle dynamics and controls using modeling and simulation, and experimental analysis of passenger cars, heavy trucks, and wheeled military vehicles. Topics covered include active and passive safety systems to mitigate rollover, yaw instability and braking issues, driving simulators and hardware-in-the-loop systems, suspension kinematics and compliance, steering dynamics, advanced active suspension technologies, and tire force and moment mechanics.

This technical paper collection is focused on vehicle dynamics and controls using modeling and simulation, and experimental analysis of passenger cars, heavy trucks, and wheeled military vehicles. The papers address active and passive safety systems to mitigate rollover, yaw instability and braking issues; driving simulators and hardware-in-the-loop systems; suspension kinematics and compliance, steering dynamics, advanced active suspension technologies; and tire force and moment mechanics.