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Along with the many benefits of 3-D CAD systems there are also problems. One problem is that multiple uses of a part require redundant work to keep layouts current. Multiple uses result from using the same part in different assemblies or the same assembly in different configurations. Existing CAD products offer solutions which do not address issues like version control adequately. A set of computer programs has been developed to reduce this redundant work. They allow the engineer or designer to change component geometry in one CAD model and have that change reflected in all usages of the part while maintaining version control.

Numerical optimization is a new, powerful, flexible tool which can aid engineers in the design process. This paper presents guidelines for the selection and formulation of optimization problems. It also provides insight into how to choose and program an optimization algorithm for the computer. Two example problems are solved to illustrate the use of optimization in earthmoving equipment design.