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The objective of the American Automobile Manufacturers Association (AAMA) Heavy Truck Brake Tire Test was to evaluate how different tires might effect a vehicle's performance when tested per the Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. (SAE) J1626 “Braking, Stability, and Control Performance Test Procedures for Air-Brake-Equipped Truck Tractors.” During the summer of 1991, the Motor Vehicle Manufacturer's Association (MVMA), now known as the American Automobile Manufacturer's Association (AAMA), contracted Transportation Research Center Inc. (TRC) to perform a Heavy Truck Round Robin Brake Test to evaluate the practicality and repeatability of the ABS test procedure developed for the Motor Vehicle Safety Research Advisory Committee of NHTSA (SAE Paper 922484). One of the conclusions derived from that test program was that tires seem to play a more significant role than expected in vehicle braking performance.

Along with the advent of the advance design buses (ADB's) entering the 1980's, this decade has also seen several new entries into the bus market from foreign manufacturers as well as some new domestic producers. As a result, the decisions by the transit properties have become more difficult since there are now 9 or 10 viable bus builders. First Article Bus Testing was developed in an effort to aid the purchaser in this decision making process.