The main purpose of this test was to determine the application advantages of cushion tow hitches in comparison to the commonly used rigid tow hitch type fitted on heavy aircraft towing tractors. As diverse opinions emerged about its suitability since the introduction on the market of this new tow hitch type, it was intended to physically measure and evaluate the damping capability of this cushioned tow link when applied in practice.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) applies to Point-Of-Use, Central and Mobile Pre-Conditioned Air Equipment. It does not apply to aircraft mounted equipment.
The purpose of this document is to provide a standard for aircraft fuselage markings located at the doors used for ground servicing operations. These markings can be used by all GSE that will dock at the aircraft. These markings may be used for one or several phases of the GSE positioning relative to the aircraft process: GSE alignment during approach, GSE final docking, and GSE auto leveling. It is not the purpose of this standard to describe the different technologies, cameras, or other equipment that can be mounted on GSE to utilize these markings. The aircraft that may use these markings will have a fuselage diameter of 3 m or more.
This SAE Recommended Practice which defines the terms and tabulates the limits of the characteristics for various protective devices used in conjunction with 400-cycle ground power for civil aircraft is intended to assist the airlines in standardizing on 400-cycle protective systems. The limits found to be acceptable in the civil aircraft industry are presented.
The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852A and ARP4853A. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, reduce the certified safe life limit of the nose gear, or induce a stability problem during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only. It is not meant for dispatch (operational) towing (see definitions in Section 3). Dispatch towing imposes greater loads on nose gears and structure due to additional passenger, cargo, and fuel loads.
The purpose of this specification is to provide airplane operators and tow vehicle manufacturers with: a General design and operating requirements pertinent to test and evaluation of towbarless tow vehicles. Specific design requirements are provided in ARP4852 and ARP4853. b Test and evaluation requirements. The results of these test evaluations will determine if the loads induced by the tow vehicle will exceed the design loads of the nose gear, or are within the aircraft manufacturer’s limits so that they do not affect the certified safe limit of the nose gear. The results of these test evaluations will also determine if a stability problem may occur during pushback and/or maintenance towing operations with the tested airplane/tow vehicle combination. This document specifies general test requirements and a test evaluation procedure for towbarless tow vehicles (TLTV) intended for pushback and maintenance towing only.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes field-level procedures to determine if 400 Hz electrical connections for external power may have been subjected to excessive wear, which may result in inadequate disengagement forces.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) outlines recommended ramp pavement marking standards for proper guidance and positioning of GSE on commercial transport aircraft parking and handling stands (gates), in line with International Civil Aviation (ICAO) recommendations applicable to airport aprons. Throughout this document, the minimum essential criteria are identified by use of the key word "shall". Recommended criteria are identified by use of the key word "should" and, while not mandatory, are considered to be of primary importance in providing safety effective ramp markings. Deviation from recommended criteria should only occur after careful consideration and thorough service evaluation have shown alternate methods to provide an equivalent level of safety.
To list the documentation required to ensure inspection, maintenance and calibration of the TLTV's aircraft NLG steering and tractive protection systems or alerting devices can be carried out in accordance with the requirements of this document and the referenced standards.
To list the documentation required to ensure inspection, maintenance and calibration of the TLTV's aircraft NLG steering and tractive protection systems or alerting devices can be carried out in accordance with the requirements of this document and the referenced standards.
To list the documentation required to ensure inspection, maintenance and calibration of the TLTV's aircraft NLG steering and tractive protection systems or alerting devices can be carried out in accordance with the requirements of this document and the referenced standards.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides information about impulse loads that occur during normal aircraft towing operations. An instrumented tow bar was used to characterize towing loads. Suggestions to minimize impulse loads by reducing the tow bar to tow vehicle gap are described.