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The effectiveness of scavenging, the displacement of residual combustion gases with fresh air, is examined in an advanced, high power-density diesel engine, consisting of a two-stroke, opposed-piston reciprocator with an ultra-high boost. KIVA-3, a three-dimensional code for modeling reactive flows with fuel injection, is used to study the effect of a variety design choices on scavenging. The parametric study includes the inclined angle of the intake ports, the exhaust port timing and size and the piston stroke-to-bore ratio. A baseline geometry of the opposed-piston engine is examined in detail, which models an existing mono-cylinder test rig. The baseline-design exhibits large asymmetries, nonsteady flow and large recirculation regions that degrade the scavenging. Significant improvement in the scavenging of the baseline design is observed with a uniform inclined angle of the inlet ports of about 20° and with a larger stroke-to-bore ratio (2.0 compared with 1.08).

Since its public release in 1985, the K1VA computer program has been used for the time dependent analysis of chemically reacting flows with sprays in two and three space dimensions. This paper describes some of the improvements to the original version that have been made since that time. The new code, called KIVA-II, is planned for public release in early 1988. KIVA-II improves the earlier version in the accuracy and efficiency of the computational procedure, the accuracy of the physics submodels, and in versatility and ease of use. Numerical improvements include the use of the ICE solution procedure in place of the acoustic subcycling method and the implementation of a quasi-second-order-accurate convection scheme. Major extensions to the physical submodels include the inclusion of an optional k-ε turbulence model, and several additions to the spray model. We illustrate some of the new capabilities by means of example solutions.