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SAE Paper 930131 outlined initial work performed on a diesel particulate filter system using a copper additive for regeneration. Laboratory evaluations of soot oxidation, fuel stability, and emissions reductions were presented along with preliminary field data. Since then, a total of thirty-four buses have been included in the North American fleet trials. The buses are powered by different engines and engine configurations. Results of the field trial are presented along with problems encountered and their resolution.

This paper features the results of emission tests conducted on diesel oxidation catalysts, and the combination of diesel oxidation catalysts and water blend fuel (diesel fuel continuous emulsion). Vehicle chassis emission tests were conducted using an urban bus. The paper reviews the impact and potential benefits of combining catalyst and water blend diesel fuel technologies to reduce exhaust emissions from diesel engines.

Several previous SAE papers have discussed the direct on-line soot measurement device that uses radio frequency (RF) technology to measure filter soot loads in diesel particulate filters. This paper presents differential pressure measurement data from several different retrofit vehicle applications using various filter geometries. This data is discussed and correlated to laboratory test results. The durability of the system to urban buses is also outlined.

Since 1989, a research and development program has been ongoing to determine the viability of equipping a DDC 6V-92TA engine (the engine most commonly used in North America for transit buses) with a diesel particulate filter system. The engine is operated on a Southeastern Pennsylvania Transit Authority (SEPTA) Neoplan bus. The initial design targets included: the reduction of particulate emissions to levels below 0.1 g/bhp.hr. as well as the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. a requirement for no ancillary hardware or energy sources in order to achieve regeneration. design simplicity for easy removal and inspection. good performance for normal SEPTA in-service conditions. low cost. Initially, baseline measurements were taken to determine under what conditions the filter system would have to perform. Several initial designs were evaluated with varying degrees of success.

Much attention has been paid to the emissions from diesel transit coaches culminating in the 1990 EPA bus standard.(1)* A primary pollutant that has been singled out for advanced controls is diesel particulate. In order to meet the low levels of particulate emissions in the standard, diesel particulate filters are one of the principle methods being studied. To this end, the Ministry of Transportation and Communications of Ontario and Engine Control Systems Ltd. entered into a cooperative development program for a low cost, simple and retrofitable diesel particulate control system.(2) The paper outlines the various components of the system and the results of field testing.

A cooperative R&D program involving Engine Control Systems Ltd. (ECS) and Consolidated Freightways, Inc. (C-F) has resulted in a diesel emissions control system for small to medium sized mechanical handling equipment. This paper outlines the design specifics of the system with an emphasis on the manner in which forktrucks can relatively easily be retrofitted. Both laboratory and in-field test results are outlined. The particulate filter system uses electric power to induce regeneration when backpressure rises to unacceptable levels.