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Over the past decade, the fuel cell has risen to prominence as a future option for many energy-using systems. For motor vehicles, Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cells promise to address public concerns about air pollution, oil dependence, and global warming while providing ample on-board electricity to efficiently meet growing customer needs. Rapid R&D progress has yielded hydrogen-fueled stack designs suitable for mass production. This paper discusses PEM fuel stack and balance of plant technologies along with fueling options. Also puts the fuel cell transportation applications in perspective and suggests government role in accelerating these applications.