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Technical Paper

Hybrid and Conventional Hydrogen Engine Vehicles that Meet EZEV Emissions

1997-02-24
970290
Hydrogen-fueled, spark-ignited, homogeneous-charge engines offer an alternative for providing Equivalent Zero Emission Vehicle (EZEV) levels, along with a range and performance comparable to today's automobiles. Hydrogen in a spark-ignited engine can be burned at very low equivalence ratios, so that NOx emissions can be reduced to less than 10 ppm without a catalytic converter or EGR. HC and CO emissions may result from oxidation of engine oil, but by proper design are negligible (a few ppm). Lean operation also results in increased indicated efficiency due to the thermodynamic properties of the gaseous mixture contained in the cylinder and due to reduced heat transfer. The high effective octane number of hydrogen allows the use of a high compression ratio, further increasing engine efficiency. In this paper, a time-dependent engine model is used for predicting hydrogen engine efficiency and emissions.
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