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To survive the severe regulations for both the exhaust gas emissions and fuel economy, research on small two-stroke gasoline engines from both the experimental and theoretical viewpoints is quite necessary. In the present study, firstly, performance tests of a direct injection small two-stroke gasoline model engine were carried out. Based on these experimental results, three-dimensional flow calculations from scavenging pipe to exhaust pipe during the gas-exchange and piston compression processes were made with the same experimental conditions. As a result, the gas exchange process was investigated and some problems were clarified. Secondly, parametric calculations with changing just exhaust port timings were performed to solve the problems found in the above calculations.