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Despite progress in air quality for many conventional pollutants, the São Paulo Metropolitan Region continues to exceed health-based standards for particulates and ozone. In 1986, the Federal government established the Vehicle Air Pollution Control Program (PROCONVE), which created tighter emissions standards for all new vehicles and mandated improved fuel quality. As a result, considerable progress has been made with regard to certain pollution problems, particularly with carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Two pollutants continue to threaten public health in São Paulo: particulate matter (PM) and ozone. For particles, standards are set and a monitoring program is in place for PM10 (particles of 10 μm or smaller, also known as inhalable PM). PM10 concentrations in São Paulo continue to exceed air quality standards on a regular basis.