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Future regulations for passenger cars will no longer focus on emission reduction only but also on reducing CO2. The use of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) in combustion engines is one solution which provides benefits in CO2 and in pollutant emissions at the same time. The conversion of Gasoline engines to CNG operation is well known. In this paper however - the operation of a passenger car diesel engine in Diesel - CNG dual fuel mode is investigated. The paper describes the experimental setup and measurement procedure that was chosen to assess combined Diesel - CNG combustion. Results for emissions, fuel economy (CO2), engine noise and combustion stability will be presented for three different operating points on a research single cylinder engine. Special focus lies on the partially/unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions which are typically high when CNG is well premixed and burning in a globally lean combustion environment.

The electrified internal combustion engine can contribute to further improving air quality and reducing impact on climate change. A previous publication looked into ultra-low initial cold-start emissions with the implementation of a state-of-the-art emission control system on a gasoline vehicle with market E10 gasoline. This paper reports additional investigations on different drop-in sustainable renewable fuels, including e-fuels. The gasoline demonstrator vehicle is equipped with a 48V mild-hybrid powertrain with a 1.5 L direct injection engine. The innovative emission control system consists of an electrically pre-heated catalyst (EHC) and first three-way catalyst (TWC) in close-coupled position, in combination with an underfloor catalysed gasoline particulate filter (cGPF), second TWC and ammonia slip catalyst (ASC). Pollutant emission tests are conducted on a challenging chassis dyno test for cold-start emissions at 23 °C and -10 °C.